A b s t r a c t Objective: To verify how conduct disorder and conduct problems are associated with gender, age at onset of drug use and categories of drugs used. Method: A test of association was conducted between the presence of comorbidity and gender. Mean age of first use of each drug was compared to mean age of first arrest, of first robbery/theft, and of first drug dealing. Results: In this sample, approximately 59% of adolescents had already robbed and/or stolen, 38.6% had already been arrested, 32.3% had prior history of drug dealing, 24.1% had depression, and 9.6% had conduct disorder. Prevalence of conduct problems was 65.2%. Tobacco, alcohol, marijuana and cocaine were used before the first robbery and/or theft, first drug dealing, and first arrest. Discussion: The fact that drug use onset preceded illegal acts suggests that the latter are the consequence of the consumption of the former, or perhaps, the consequence of "social invisibility" (feeling of not belonging to anything or to anybody) by which these youths undergo. Conclusions: Labeling these youths as conduct-disordered adolescents may cloud a rather different reality, and it may submit them to more social isolation and stigmatization as well.Descriptors: Diagnosis, dual (Psychiatry); Substance-related disorders; Conduct disorder; Adolescent health; Prevalence Resumo Objetivo: Verificar como o transtorno de conduta e os problemas de conduta se associam ao gênero, a idade de início do uso de drogas e aos tipos de drogas consumidas. Método: Realizou-se teste de associação entre presença de comorbidade e sexo. As médias de idade do primeiro uso de cada droga foram comparadas com as médias de idade da primeira prisão e das práticas do primeiro roubo e do primeiro tráfico. Resultados: Aproximadamente 59% dos adolescentes já haviam praticado algum tipo de roubo, 38,6% já haviam sido presos, 32,3% possuíam história pregressa de tráfico de drogas, 24,1% tinham depressão e 9,6% transtorno de conduta. A prevalência de problemas de conduta foi de 65,2%. Tabaco, álcool, maconha e cocaína foram usados antes do primeiro roubo, do primeiro tráfico e da primeira prisão. Discussão: Os atos ilegais ocorreram posteriormente ao início do uso de drogas, denotando ser conseqüência deste consumo ou, talvez, conseqüência da "invisibilidade social" (sensação de não-pertencimento a nada ou a ninguém) pela qual passam estes jovens. Conclusões: A rotulação destes jovens como portadores de transtorno de conduta pode ofuscar uma realidade bem diferente, além de submetê-los a uma maior marginalização e estigmatização.Descritores: Diagnóstico duplo (Psiquiatria); Transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias; Transtorno da conduta; Saúde do adolescente; Prevalência
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