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<p align="center"> </p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keberadaan praktik <em>operator binary option</em> yang dianggap ilegal di Indonesia. Melakukan investigasi faktor yang melatarbelakangi keberadaan praktik tidak etis yang dilakukan oleh operator <em>binary option</em> yang menimbulkan kerugian pemegang opsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa <em>binary option</em> bukan merupakan instrument investasi atau trading. Terdapat kelemahan regulasi dalam mengatur mengenai <em>binary option</em>. Belum ada sanksi hukum yang tegas bagi penyelenggara binary option. Yang dianggap bertindak tidak etis adalah para afiliator dan atau <em>influencer</em>, sehingga afiliator yang memperoleh sanksi hukum. Masih rendahnya tingkat literasi keuangan digital di Indonesia menyebabkan masyarakat sering tergoda iming-iming return tinggi. Mereka belum bisa membedakan antara investasi, <em>trading</em> dan binary option. Penelitian ini juga mengemukakan bahwa metode <em>affiliate marketing </em>digunakan untuk mengambil hati para pemegang opsi. Strategi <em>framing</em> dan <em>flexing</em> berhasil menggoda mereka dalam kondisi tingkat literasi keuangan digital di Indonesia masih rendah.Kebaruan dari penelitian ini berupa penjelasan tentang praktik operator <em>binary option</em> sebagai permainan <em>zero-sum, </em>bukan merupakan investasi maupun <em>trading.</em></p><p> </p><p>This study aims to examine the existence of binary options operator practices considered illegal in Indonesia. Conduct an investigation of the factors behind the existence of unethical practices by binary options operators that cause losses to option holders. This study uses a normative juridical approach. The results of this study explain that binary options are not investment or trading instruments. There are regulatory weaknesses in regulating binary options. There are no strict legal sanctions for binary options operators. Those who are considered to be acting unethically are affiliates and or influencers, so affiliates will receive legal sanctions. The low level of digital financial literacy in Indonesia causes people to be tempted by the lure of high returns. They have not been able to distinguish between investing, trading, and binary options. This study also suggests that affiliate marketing methods are used to win the hearts of option holders. The framing and flexing strategies succeeded in tempting them because the level of digital financial literacy in Indonesia is still low. The novelty of this research is an explanation of the practice of binary options operators as a zero-sum game, not an investment or trading.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong><br clear="all" /></strong></p>

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Purpose of the study: This paper aims to examine the effects of the monitoring mechanism and bonding mechanism of corporate governance on the performance of the bank. The monitoring mechanism is divided into an external mechanism, represented by concentrated ownership, and the internal mechanism is represented by the proportion of independent board. Bonding mechanism is measured issuance of bonds as long-term debt financing.Methodology: This study is predictive and exploratory, so the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling using a WarpPLS60 application. Researchers use data from 24 banks that constantly has the value of bonds circulated, which from 2011 to 2018. There are consists of 4 state-owned commercial banks, 13 private banks, and 7 regional governmentowned banks. Main Findings:The researcher found that external monitoring mechanisms as measured by ownership concentration, positively and significantly influence the performance at government-owned banks. Internal monitoring mechanism, as measured by the percentage of the number of independent commissioners, positively and significantly affects the performance at all the banks. The bonding mechanism as measured by issuing bonds negatively and significantly affects the performance of all the banks. Applications of this study:The integrative multi-theory model proposed by the authors in this study is a unique contribution to the intermediary financial literature. Banks seeking to maximize their performance must be balanced with the interests of shareholders and their stakeholders. Novelty/Originality of this study:The study examined the differences in behaviour and the role of monitoring and bonding mechanisms of corporate governance in state-owned banks and private. The results of this study contribute to the theory of entrenchment and financial intermediation.

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kepuasan kerja dalam memediasi pengaruh karakteristik individu, beban kerja, dan stres kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai Pengadilan Tinggi Semarang. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis <em>explanatory research</em>. Jenis data yang digunakan ialah data primer dari kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada seluruh pegawai Pengadilan Tinggi Semarang sebanyak 128 orang. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah <em>Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling</em> (PLS-SEM) dengan pendekatan WarpPLS. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan metode <em>resampling Bootstrap</em> yang dikembangkan oleh Geisser &amp; Stone, sedangkan statistik ujinya ialah <em>statistic t</em> atau uji t. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan kerja berhasil menjadi mediasi antara karakteristik individu, beban kerja, dan stress kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai Pengadilan Tinggi Semarang.</p><p><em>This study aims to determine the role of job satisfaction in mediating the influence of individual characteristics, workload, and work stress on the performance of Semarang High Court employees. This research is included in the quantitative research with the explanatory research type. The type of data used is primary data from questionnaires distributed to all 128 employees of the Semarang High Court. The analysis technique used in this study is Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with the WarpPLS approach. Hypothesis testing was carried out using the Bootstrap resampling method developed by Geisser &amp; Stone, while the test statistic was the t statistic or t-test. The results of this study indicate that job satisfaction mediates between individual characteristics, workload, and work stress on the performance of Semarang High Court employees.</em></p>