A mathematical model of an adaptive optics system was described in the article. The model included two main components: the model of an adaptive mirror and model of beam propagation under conditions of thermal blooming. Results of numerical simulation of adaptive optics systems were compared with data of laboratory experiments. High reliability of the model was shown.

Introduction: HIV infection is a complex chronic disease, the incidence of which remains quite high. The total number of Russians, both men and women, living with HIV continues to increase. The registered number of people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in the Russian Federation reached 851.8 thousand people at the end of 2021. The analysis of high-risk behavior of vulnerable groups of the population will help update the problem of self-preservation and develop a set of preventive measures for the groups at risk of acquiring the HIV infection. Objective: To study characteristics of self-preservation of men who have sex with men as one of the key populations at increased risk of HIV. Methods: We used a 2021 database of men who have sex with men, all clients of a non-profit HIV service organization. A total of 3,455 men who had had sex with men in the past twelve months or those who considered themselves homosexual were interviewed. The survey was conducted in Moscow and the Moscow Region by the Charitable Foundation for Support of Social Initiatives and Public Health. The data analysis was carried out in Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0. Results: The study has revealed the main determinants of behavior and the components of self-preservation in the study subjects. Conclusion: The clients of the non-profit HIV service organization included in the survey have high-risk behavior and various social diseases, including the combined ones, such as HIV infection, which must be considered when developing preventive measures for this group of population.

The whole model of adaptive optics system of energy and information transfer should include a model of an active element [1] construction of which is defined by parameters of the system and beam control algorithm. In the algorithm of full-field phase conjugation a nonlinear crystal or two flexible mirrors with a layer of free space between them are usually employed [2, 3], while a system of phase conjugation requires a flexible mirror as an active element [4]. In the paper the model of a flexible mirror is considered which takes into account dynamic oscillation of reflecting surface.

Every year the number of registered HIV-infected people is increasing, which by the end of 2021 made 851.8 thousand people. In this connection the organization of work on prevention and treatment of HIV infection is relevant. The survey of 6313 representatives of the key group, i.e. clients of HIV servicing NPOs — Russians (4793 people) and citizens of other countries (1520 people) identified the main risk groups, for which it is necessary to work out the principal activity strategies connected with treatment and prevention. Every tenth client of the Charitable Foundation is HIV-infected and hepatitis C positive, every fourth has had or is having sexually transmitted infection (STI), and 4.6% of men and 1.4% of women have syphilis. The group is characterized by risky behavior in terms of HIV infection, STIs (and other dangerous diseases), including: drug use (17.8% of men — injecting and/or 46.1% of women — non-injecting), prostitution (13.6% of men and 15.4% of women), consume sex services (16.6% of men and 5.0% of women). Based on analytical and mathematical methods, eight basic conditional groups of patients of the Foundation were identified that will allow us to develop work strategies depending on a number of basic socio-demographic characteristics (age, sexual orientation), attainability of clients, morbidity, risk behavior and attitudes regarding morbidity, treatment and prevention. In particular, the most difficult groups of clients to work with at the Foundation have been identified: legal and illegal migrants and men involved in prostitution. What all of these groups have in common is that they depend on their employer and their priority is to keep their jobs, for the sake of which they are willing to sacrifice their health and lead deviant lifestyles.