No abstract

Aim: The paper surveys empirical research on the use of evaluation tools with the purpose of evaluating symptoms and changes in climacteric women in the Czech Republic and other countries. In order to evaluate the range of individual symptoms, a great number of standardized questionnaires and measuring scales have been created, which are logically designed for clear statistic evaluation, and are used on a global scale to measure the severity of disorders, or quality of life of women. Design: A literature review. Methods: In outline, the article is an overview making use of content analysis of studies published in scientific databases, e.g. EBSCO, PubMed, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect, during the years 2012 to 2018. The overview focuses on articles dealing with the use of evaluation tools in connection with menopause. After screening for eligibility, 25 articles were eventually analyzed. Results: Following analysis of the results of foreign empirical research, it was apparent that the most common evaluation tool for defining the types and level of symptoms in climacteric women was the Menopausal Rating Scale. Besides this tool, other tools, such as the Greene Climacteric Scale, the Kuperrman index, the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Womenʼs Health Questionnaire, and the Utian Quality of life Scale were used in this field. Two studies focusing on the Czech Republic were analyzed. The standardized tool used in these cases was the Menopausal Rating Scale. Conclusion: A number of foreign studies have been conducted regarding climacteric women monitoring symptoms and changes in psychological condition and behaviour, and changes in their cognitive and emotional states, or evaluating their quality of life. However, only two such studies have been undertaken in the Czech Republic.

Introduction and objective:In the period of transition from the reproductive to post-reproductive phase, clinical problems and changes of various character and intensity occur, which can affect the life of women. The aim of this quantitative study was to evaluate the factors affecting quality of life and quality of health of Czech women during the transition from reproductive to post-reproductive life. Methods: The data were obtained using two standardized questionnaires -(1) the WHO's WHOQOL-Bref and (2) Women's Health Questionnaire, (WHQ), as well as one non-standardized questionnaire to identify the women's quality of life and quality of health. Results: In relation to the quality of life, a statistical analysis showed that physical health was evaluated as the best item, while the home environment was considered to be the worst of the evaluated items. A comparison of the quality of health variables showed that during the climacteric, respondents were most troubled by vasomotor symptoms and least troubled by anxiety/fear. Most respondents perceived their quality of life as good, and the majority of women were satisfied with their health. Conclusions: A comparison of the quality of health variables showed that during the climacteric, respondents were most troubled by vasomotor symptoms and least troubled by anxiety/fear. Most respondents perceived their quality of life as good, and the majority of women were satisfied with their health.

Článek informuje o výzkumném šetření prováděném u žen s genitální mutilací (female genital mutilation-dále jen FGM), které probíhalo v roce 2016. Cílem bylo zjistit, jaká jsou z pohledu porodní asistentky specifika péče u žen s genitální mutilací v souvislosti s těhotenstvím, porodem a šestinedělím. Byla využita kvalitativního metoda pomocí hloubkových rozhovorů u porodních asistentek, které měly s ošetřováním žen s genitální mutilací v průběhu těhotenství, porodu a šestinedělí vlastní zkušenosti. Získaná data byla analyzována metodou otevřeného kódování a následně kategorizována. Zjistily jsme, že dotazované porodní asistentky zastávají negativní postoj a s praktikami genitální mutilace nesouhlasí. Výsledky ukázaly, že v rámci své profese se porodní asistentky setkávají s překážkami v poskytování péče ženám s FGM. Rozsah komplikací, které se v důsledku zákroku genitální mutilace objevují u žen v průběhu těhotenství, porodu a šestinedělí, je závislý na rozsahu mutilačního zákroku a dále pak také na jednotlivých obdobích. V souvislosti s rostoucí migrací lze předpokládat i zvyšující se počet žen s provedeným mutilačním zákrokem, a proto je důležité, aby porodní asistentky byly v této problematice erudované a měly znalosti v problematice poskytování speciální péče ženám s genitální mutilací v těhotenství, během porodu a v šestinedělí.

Aim: This descriptive qualitative study provides information on research dealing with women's opinions, experiences, and attitudes toward menopause. Design: A descriptive qualitative study. Methods: Individual semi-structured in-depth interviews were used for qualitative research into this topic. The research group consisted of 17 women aged 40 to 55 years. Thematic data analysis was used to analyze the data obtained. Results: Based on the thematic analysis, the following categories were created: 1) Association with the period of menopause; 2) Experiencing menopause; and 3) Education. The results showed that women viewed menopause as a transitional phase of life. The main symptoms included hot flashes, night sweats, disturbed sleep, mood swings, and weight gain. Prior to the study, participants were not interested in additional information on the issue. Conclusion: As estrogen levels decline later in life, women transition from the reproductive to the post-reproductive phase of their lives. For women to experience healthy menopause, they must understand the process before they begin to experience the consequences of estrogen deficiency.