The aim of our study is to present the decision model for selection of optimal combinations of modernization measures. the presented algorithm of decision synthesis method comprises method for integrated significance determination of efficiency indicators and multiple criteria decision methods. the paper also presents the case study illustrating the application of proposed model. as the alternative modernization measures can generate many alternative combinations the decision tree model was proposed as an efficient tool facilitating the analysis of big data and included in algorithm. three multiple criteria decision support methods based on quantitative measurements included in algorithm used to increase the reliability of the decision. the proposed algorithm is very suitable for evaluation of modernization decisions of the building and enables decision-maker to select the best performing alternative in terms of energy consumption, cost of instalment and other relevant criteria.
The article presents the results of the analysis focused on the effectiveness of 4D CAD the phenomenon of which has been analysed by foreign scientists considering a number of different aspects. The conducted research differs from prior literature as the objective, in our case, was to evaluate effectiveness and justify results using multi-criteria analysis. Effectiveness has been investigated through the construction experiment observing group performances applying two different types of information -2D CAD and 4D CAD drawings. Research findings have proved that the efficiency of using the 4D model has been doubled given the same time constraints when the evaluating the completeness of the construction object. Research results have also showed that the use of the 4D model helped with completing the construction of the object much faster. A comparison of the results of the participants of two groups has revealed that the use of the 4D CAD model has twice reduced the occurrence of mistakes in the construction process and helped the participants with faster detecting and fixing the errors they made. TOPSIS, SAW and CORPAS multifunctional solution making methods were employed for 2D and 4D ranking during the experiment on 4D efficiency. The findings confirm that the 4D model is more rational, more convenient and efficient than the 2D model regarding all results of statistical and multi criteria analysis.
Modern constructions, either private houses or public buildings, nowadays must be built meeting all the requirements of the European Union [EU] standards and must be highly energy efficient. Still, there are a lot of old inefficient buildings with high energy costs that require renovation. These buildings can be renovated applying a passive house model that helps to minimize buildings’ heating and cooling energy expenses. Moreover, the decisions made in the stages of early design and preconstruction are essential for the sustainability in a building facility. It is possible to perform various analyses with Building Information Modeling (BIM) in order to have an optimized sustainable building design. BIM system can be used to evaluate and control the costs (e.g. renovation, efficiency) as well as to monitor the conditions during the life-cycle of the building.
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