No abstract

RESUMO -A hemorragia intracraniana que acontece na gravidez é um fenômeno raro, porém, apresenta mortalidade e morbidades elevadas. Analisamos 15 pacientes com hemorragia intracraniana que ocorreu durante a gravidez ou puerpério. Em cinco casos a hemorragia decorria da ruptura de aneurisma, em 6, de malformação. A mortalidade materna foi 20%, e a fetal 33%. Quando a causa do sangramento é proveniente de ruptura de um aneurisma, deve-se realizar a oclusão cirúrgica do aneurisma durante a gravidez o que aconteceu em 4 pacientes desta série. Entretanto, se a hemorragia decorre de uma malformação arteriovenosa, o melhor tratamento ainda não está estabelecido.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: aneurisma cerebral, hemorragia intracraniana, hemorragia sub-aracnoideia, gravidez, malformação arteriovenosa e puerpério. Intracranial hemorrhage during pregnancy and puerperium: experience with fifteen casesABSTRACT -Intracranial hemorrhage due to arteriovenous malformation or intracranial aneurysms is a rare but grave complication of pregnancy. We analyse 15 cases. Among these, aneurysms ruptures were responsible for the bleending in 5 instances. Arteriovenous malformation was diagnosed in other 6 patients. The maternal and fetal mortality was 20% and 33% respectively. Four aneurysm patients were operated on before delivery. We conclue that surgical management of the aneurysms is associated with lower maternal and fetal mortality than the conservative treatment. The management of angiomatous hemorrhage during pregnancy remains controversial.

Clinical, radiological and histopathological features of eight cases of symptomatic cavernous angioma are presented. Five patients were being evaluated for seizure, two for mass lesions and one for intracranial hemorrhage. CT and/or MRI detected the lesion in all cases, but there is not a characteristic image for cavernous angioma. Good results were obtained by microsurgical approach to these malformations in seven patients with only one patient suffering a worsening of neurological status after surgery.

Many recent series of surgery for intracranial aneurysms have been based on experience of developed countries with great resources and a state of art health care. The purpose of the current study is to correlate the outcome of patients operated for intracranial aneurysms, reported from intensive high technology neurosurgical centers with the results of low technology, environment, where we practice. Between January 1986 and December 1996, 337 patients with intracranial aneurysms were operated on at the Servidores do Estado Hospital. We retrospectively reviewed the medical and radiologic records and compared the outcome of this group with other series derived from developed countries. The overall mortality of this series was 6.9%. Of the 313 good grades surgical patients, the mortality was 4.7% and the successful results were obtained in 88.8% individuals. We conclude that patients harboring intracranial aneurysms can be satisfactory handled in less developed nations, if a meticulous intraoperative technique is employed, even though sophisticated technology and equipment are not available.

Fractures of the clavicle and acromioclavicular dislocations are very common injuries when they occur separately. The combination of an acromioclavicular dislocation and a fracture of the lateral third of the clavicle is not rare. However, there are very few reported cases of acromioclavicular dislocations associated with fractures of the middle third of the clavicle; those associated with fractures of the medial third are even rarer. We report the case of an adult male who suffered an acromioclavicular dislocation (type IV) associated with a displaced extra-articular fracture of the medial end of the clavicle (Almann group 3) in a cycling accident. The patient was treated during the acute phase with open reduction and internal fixation of the two lesions. At the clinical evaluation 12 months after the surgery, the patient was asymptomatic, with full active and passive mobility, and normal strength and endurance of the shoulder girdle. Radiographs and a three-dimensional CT scan showed persistent posterosuperior subluxation of the acromioclavicular joint and anatomical consolidation of the clavicular fracture.