No abstract

No abstract

The present field study was undertaken to investigate the effective organic amendments against Ralstonia solanacearum under pot culture condition. The average (PESR+PESM) reduction in mortality recorded with all the organic amendments tested were ranged from 15.39 to 64.97% over untreated control. However, significantly highest reduction in average mortality was recorded with karanj cake (64.97%). This was followed by the organic amendments viz., neem seed cake (43.95%), farm yard manure (37.36%), vermicompost (32.95%), poultry manure (32.24%) and sunflower seed cake (26.87%). Whereas, safflower seed cake (21.40%), goat manure (19.28%), cotton seed cake (18.60%) and groundnut cake (15.39%) were found less effective. All the test amendments improve root length, shoot length and vigour index in ginger. Among the different amendments tested, significantly highest root length (6.16 cm), shoot length (12.56 cm) and vigour index (1372.73) were recorded with Karanj cake. The second best amendment found was neem seed cake (5.26 cm, 10.26 cm and 931.20) respectively. This was followed by the amendments viz.

SSR hamper successful cultivation and causes significant yield losses globally including India. The SSR disease incidence ranged from 3.59 to 18.50 per cent in mustard growing areas of Rajasthan and Bharatpur district having the highest (18.50%) disease incidence. However, the Udaipur district had the lowest (3.59%) disease outbreak. SSR was responsible to cause 18.80 per cent overall yield losses in two consecutive years (Rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18). Highest yield loss (43.82%) was observed from Bharatpur district while minimum yield loss (3.51%) had recorded from Udaipur district. Characteristics symptoms, formation of white mycelium on host stem and development of sclerotia on/inside the stem, of SSR on mustard crop were noted during survey.

An experiment was conducted to find out the integrated management of Ralstonia solanacearum infecting ginger. Two antibiotics, two biocontrol agents, one phytoextract and one organic amendment and their combination were used. The average reduction in pre emergence seed rot and post emergence seedling mortality recorded with all the treatments tested were ranged from 16.50 to 80.39 per cent over untreated. However, significantly highest reduction in average preemergence seed rot and post- emergence seedling mortality was recorded with streptocycline + P. fluorescens (80.39%). This was followed by streptocycline + karanj cake (72.31%), streptocycline + T. viride (69.55%), streptocycline (58.68%), karanj cake + A. sativum (48.49%), P. fluorescens (44.94%), karanj cake (36.79%). Whereas, T. viride, A. sativum and gentamycin were found least effective with comparatively minimum reduction in average mortality, 26.94, 20.94 and 16.50 per cent, respectively. Of the treatments tested, significantly highest root length (8.60 cm), shoot length (18.43 cm) and vigour index (2342.69) were recorded with streptocycline + P. fluorescens.