Synopsis.-The object of this paper is to present the results of eliminated, thereby limiting the maximum voltage which can occur an investigation to determine the effect of resistors shunting current on the bus to never more than twice that of the incident wave. (b) The limiting reactors, on the impulse behavior of the typical system initial rise in voltage on the line side of the reactor, due to positive employing them. The typical system is reduced, without loss of reflections, is reduced and can be held down to the final value coressential generality, to a comparatively simple analytic network; responding to the tail of an infinite rectangular incident wave. and the impulse behavior of this network is then calculated mathe-(c) The internal oscillations in the reactor itself can be eliminated, matically. These calculations are adequately supported by test and the voltage distribution improved. The extent to which these results with impulse generator and cathode ray oscillograph, both in improvements can be realized, under a wide range of possible the field and in the laboratory, and accurate agreement established. operating conditions, is discussed and illustrated in this paper. Methods are developed and illustrated for taking into account With some combinations, the improvements are very great, while for incident waves, such as those due to lightning, of arbitrary shape. others, there is no appreciable gain. The criterion for utilization of Under the most unfavorable condition of wave shape and circuit shunt resistors is,-will the elimination of oscillations and the conditions, voltages approaching four times that of the incident wave reduction of positive reflections, under the most unfavorable possible may be built up at the bus by reflections and oscillations. In operating condition which can be experienced on a given system, general, through the use of a shunting resistor, of proper value, three be worth the cost? , , beneficial results are obtained: (a) Oscillations are completely INTRODUCTIONVI. Experimental results are given which show THIS paper is part of an extensive investigationof that the effect of waves upon such systems may be lightning waves on transmission lines, which has accurately calculated.
