No abstract

Vegetable fern species distributed throughout the world are diverse, but there is a lack of scientific data about the nutritional content of local vegetable ferns. This study aimed to provide preliminary data of Diplazium esculentum nutrition obtained from Bone Bolango District, Gorontalo area, Indonesia, in order to support the developing of pharmaceutical and mixed animal feed products. Tests for the proximate characteristics of leaf extracts and the phytochemical analysis were carried out through qualitative screening following Indonesian National Standard (SNI) Method year 2006, while the detail amino acid compound analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) method. The results showed that D. esculentum from Gorontalo Land is rich with proteins and amino acids. The amount of protein and fat is detected as 21.52 ± 2.70% and 2.47 ± 0.97% respectively. The fern also contains complete secondary metabolites in the form of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, and glycosides with a high amount.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi jenis-jenis pigmen dari mikroalga Nannochloropsis sp. dan mengetahui komposisi pelarut yang dapat memisahkan pigmen secara maksimal. Metode yang digunakan dimulai dari kultur mikroalga Nannochloropsis sp. sampai tahap eksponensial. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan penambahan aseton dan petroleum eter, selanjutnya ektrak total yang diperoleh, dipisahkan melalui Kromatografi Lapis Tipis dengan pengembang Petroleum Eter (PE):Aseton (80:20), PE:Methanol (95:5) dan Benzena:DE:Methanol (17:2:1). Hasil pemisahan diserap melalui spektrofotometer UV-VIS. Hasil yang peroleh pada semua proses pemisahan, pigmen β- karoten berwarna kuning selalu muncul dengan Rf 1,00. Pigmen lainnya yang dapat diidentifikasi adalah tipeviolaxantin dan tipe astacen. Pelarut PE:Methanol (95:5) mampu memisahkan ekstrak total pigmen lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan pelarut yang lain.

Bunaken Island generally has a 90° slope and it forms like an underwater wall. However, there are several locations in Bunaken Island that have a more gradually inclined slope. This study was aimed to identify the effect of depth and slope gradient toward vertical distribution on growth forms and genera of hard coral at three stations in Bunaken Island. The data was collected using Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method which was dragged vertically at 3-15 meters depth. The results of study showed two different types of slopes, steep and gentle slopes. Stations 1 and 2 were categorized as steep slope (90° and 55°, respectively) and station 3 was gentle slope (43°). Encrusting growth forms dominated at 90° slope, while at 55° and 43° slope was dominated by massive growth forms. Vertical distribution of the corals shows change in size and numbers of colonies along with increasing depth.

Algae Kappaphycus alvarezii is one of the leading commodities from fisheries and marine sectors in Indonesia. This algae species has many benefits in the fields of marine biology, chemistry, pharmacy, and pharmacology, as well as an excellent nutritional content for health. It is cultivated in the coastal waters of Minahasan Peninsula, especially in Buku Village, Belang District, Southeast Minahasa Regency. This study was carried out to analyze bioactive compound in the algae. Samples of 2-weeks old were taken directly from the cultivation area. Screening test was done qualitatively while an advanced test was done using LC-HRMS method. The results showed 4 bioactive compounds detected in the sample, they are alkaloids, tannins/phenolics, saponins, and flavonoids. From the advanced test, it was found 10 major compounds in the sample, i.e. (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, phthalic acid, D-(+)-proline, maraniol, stigmatellin Y, Pentyl isopentyl phthalate, methyl thiofentanyl, phenylethanolamine, acetyl hexamethyl tetralin, and fucoxanthin.Indonesian title: Senyawa bioaktif pada alga Kappaphycus alvarezii dari perairan Belang, Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara