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The construction industry is perceived to be one of more dangerous industries, which has a poor safety performance record globally. However, in developing countries, these difficulties and challenges present alongside a general situation of socio-economic stress, chronic resource shortages, institutional weaknesses and a general inability to deal with the key issues. There is also evidence that the problems have become greater in extent and severity in recent years. The objective of this paper is to report the results of a study conducted to analyze the risk level of a construction accident at a project. The study was carried out on the project undertaken by contractor company in Indonesia, consisting of 3 types of companies which are state-owned companies, private companies and foreign private companies. The risk level was assessed using a risk significance index based on the likelihood of occurrences and the impacts on accident. The research method includes direct observation and questionnaire survey to highrise building projects. Direct observation is an instrument to measure likelihood level of accident risk accurance, and questionnaire survey, for respondents' perspectives gaining, is used to assess the consequence level of the accident at the project. The data were analyzed using Risk Matrix from AS/NZS 4360:2004 Risk Management Standard. The result shows that in construction projects in Indonesia, accident risks at state companies and private companies are higher than those at foreign private companies. Factors which are mostly included in high risk accident category such as "lack of safety equipment specifications", poor working surfaces and platforms", "low education level of workers", "lack of organizational commitment", and "Low/no safety resource". The current study contributes to government of Indonesia in term of suggestion in evaluating safety program enforcement in highrise building construction projects. 2

Fall accident is an accident category that becomes a primary cause of fatal and nonfatal injuries among construction workers worldwide. The objectives of the paper are to report the results of a study investigating 100 reports of fall accidents in the high-rise building project in Indonesia. The study concludes that the impact/consequence of the fall accident mostly occurring involves a fatality, causing death (56%), major injuries, causing permanent physical defect (28%), and minor injuries, causing temporary wound (16%). The main factors of fall accidents causation are mostly related to personal factors (61%) and non-personal factors (30%). It was found that fall accidents mainly take place in the area of scaffoldings (52%), area of structure (28%), and area of working structure (20%). The fall accidents occurred mostly during afternoon time (42%), followed morning time (27%), and evening time (21%), and workers who are 20 – 30 years old and under 20 years old get a higher risk of getting accidents. The findings will be a recommendation to construction companies for developing effective safety programs for the prevention of fall accidents.

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Abstract. Based on the data, 32% of accidental cases in Indonesia occurs on constructional sectors. It is supported by the data from Public Work and Housing Department that 27.43% of the implementation level of Safety Management System policy at construction companies in Indonesia remains unsafe categories. Moreover, there are dimensions of occupational safety culture formed including leadership, behavior, strategy, policy, process, people, safety cost, value and contract system. The aim of this study is to determine the model of an effective safety culture and know the relationship between dimensions in construction industry. The method used in this research was questionnaire survey which was distributed to the sample of construction companies either in a national private one in Indonesia. The result of this research is supposed to be able to illustrate the development of the relationship among occupational safety culture dimensions which have influences to the performances of constructional companies in Indonesia.