Conservation of pure-tone hearing was possible in 89% of implanted patients; however, residual speech perception was not conserved with this long perimodiolar electrode. A ceiling effect tends to inflate the prevalence of hearing conservation in implantation studies of severely to profoundly hearing-impaired patients.

Alloderm can be used successfully to repair ASB defects, including large defects that are >2 cm in size with little or no morbidity.

The current study provides a novel endoscopic orientation to the medial ITF. Such knowledge should provide an anatomical basis for experienced surgeons to endoscopically address this region with more safety and efficacy.

Preliminary results suggest that MT1-MMP positivity in primary tumor specimens may identify aggressive tumor types, evidenced by the presence of micrometastasis or PNI.

Average distance from the ANS to the AFO and BB was 78.5 mm and 83.2 mm, respectively. These measurements can be used by endoscopic skull base surgeons to guide dissection in the ITF.