Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy of Kazakhstan, providing food and economic security, as well as the labor potential of the country. Increasing the competitiveness of domestic agricultural products and products of its processing is closely related to the need to promote and position domestic products both in the domestic market and export markets. The analysis of the state of the Kazakh market of agricultural products at the present stage is carried out and alternative strategies are proposed to increase production efficiency based on the digitalization and sustainability of agriculture.

Economic changes have predetermined public policy, in which its support should play a greater role compared to other sectors. Priority in the development of agricultural production will be indicators of production efficiency, competitiveness of domestic products. In this regard, one of the priorities of the development of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the accelerated development of the agro-industrial complex on the basis of increasing labour productivity in the agro-industrial sector and increasing exports of processed agricultural products by encouraging a leasing and insurance mechanism. The article analyzes the dynamics of depreciation of fixed assets by type and renewal in agriculture, forestry and fisheries, shows the impact of the formation of mutual insurance on the production efficiency of agricultural producers. The proposals for further improvement of the leasing and insurance mechanisms, including according to the experience of developed countries, are given.

Agritourism in the system of modern tourist market occupies a special place. The organization and development of rural tourism in Kazakhstan is directly related to globalization and urbanization trends taking place in the modern world. Tourism industry is a form of tourism that can be organized in rural areas, it is becoming more and more popular and demanded by consumers. This sector allows reorienting rural residents to other activities that contribute to the growth of agrieconomy of remote settlements, preservation of ecosystems and cultural values, sustainable development of territories and solution of such problems as low level of social and engineering infrastructure, rural unemployment. In the State Program for the Development of Tourism Industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2019-2025, significant attention is paid to agricultural tourism. The article focuses on its theoretical and practical foundations, the impact on the potential of rural settlements. Purpose – the factors of expanding the range of tourist services as a mechanism for ensuring the welfare of rural residents are considered and systematized. Methods – scientific generalization, classification, systemic, comparative, bibliographic analysis, abstract-logical. Results – the features of agricultural entrepreneurship as a successful tourist destination are analyzed, and its types are classified based on the results of the analysis. Taking into account international practices, the models of tourism agribusiness and their main characteristics are shown. Conclusions – the study of theory and practice of tourism sector indicates that spread of its scale contributes to the solution of economic, social and environmental problems in the country. The development of this industry is carried out progressively, based on existing world traditions and original specifics. Like in other states, it began to be considered as an important segment of modernization of agricultural economy, promising innovations in rural entrepreneurship.

Туризм саласы Қазақстан экономикасының болашағы зор салаларының бірі ретінде танылып, оны дамыту бойынша жүйелі стратегиялар жүзеге асырылуда. Сәйкесінше, еліміздегі туристік дестинацияларға келуші туристер саны артады деп күтілуде. Отандық туристік дестинациялардың басым көпшілігі табиғи туристік ресурстарға негізделіп құрылғандықтан, оларды дамытуда тұрақты даму тұжырымдамасы қағидаларын ескеру шарт. Келетін туристер санының артуы мен әрбір дестинацияның экологиялық мүмкіндіктері арасындағы тепе-теңдікті табу, сондай-ақ туризмді бақылау мен басқаруды дамыту қажет. Туристік өткізу қабілеті-1992 жылы Сифуэнтес жасаған танымал әдістердің бірі. Бұл әдіс 4 басты теңдеулер: туристік өткізу қабілеті (ТСС), негізгі өткізу қабілеті (ВСС), потенциалды өткізу қабілеті (РСС), нақты өткізу қабілеті (RCC) негізінде туристік дестинациялардың максималды өткізу қабілетін болжауға мүмкіндік береді. Өткізу қабілеттілігі туралы ойлар үш негізгі компоненттің немесе өлшемдердің айналасында жүреді: физика-экологиялық, әлеуметтік-демографиялық, саяси-экономикалық. Бұл аспектілер іс жүзінде қарастырылатын мәселелер шеңберін де көрсетеді. Зерттеу туризмнің өткізу қабілеттілігі (TCC) тұжырымдамасын түсінуге, оны практикалық талдауға және өлшеуге бағытталған. Талдау теория зерттеулерге шолу жасауға негізделген. Туризмнің өткізу қабілетін бағалаудың нәтижелері үкіметтің туризмді дамыту саясатын әзірлеу үшін бастапқы деректер ретінде пайдаланылуға мүмкіндік береді. Сондай-ақ, туристік ресурстардың шамадан тыс қолданылуы салдарынан туындайтын экологиялық мәселелерді алдын алуға мүмкіндік береді. The tourism sector is recognized as one of the most perspective sectors of the economy of Kazakhstan, and systematic strategies for its development are being implemented. Accordingly, an increase in the number of tourists visiting tourist destinations in the country is expected. Since the vast majority of domestic tourist destinations are based on natural tourist resources, it is necessary to take into account the principles of the concept of sustainable development in their development. It is necessary to find a balance between the increase in the number of tourists coming and the ecological possibilities of each destination, as well as to develop control and management of tourism. The tourism carrying capacity is one of the popular methods which was developed by Cifuentes in 1992. This method allows you to predict the maximum carrying capacity of tourist destinations based on 4 basic equations: tourist carrying capacity (TCC), basic carrying capacity (BCC), potential carrying capacity (PCC), real carrying capacity (RCC). Carrying capacity considerations revolve around three main components or dimensions: physical-ecological, socio-demographic, and political-economic. These aspects also reflect the range of issues that will be considered in practice. The research is aimed at understanding the concept of tourism carrying capacity (TCC), its practical analysis and measurement. The analysis of the theory is based on a review of research. The results of the assessment of the capacity of tourism can be used as input data for the development of state tourism development policy. It also helps to prevent environmental problems arising from the excessive use of tourist resources.

The article discusses the importance of human resources in the field of tourism. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the tourism sector is characterized by a shortage of highly qualified specialists. In tourism enterprises, mainly in the field of tourism and hospitality, there is a low level of specialists with the appropriate education and the necessary level of professionalism. These conditions consequently lead to poor quality of service. An important aspect is the availability of practical skills and theoretical base in this area. The article reflects the place of Kazakhstan in the Global Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index of the World Economic Forum, identifies a list of factors that increase and decrease the rating of Kazakhstan in the field of tourism. On the basis of statistical indicators, the dynamics of changes in employment indicators and nominal wages of workers in the tourism industry, namely, travel companies, hotel enterprises and health resort organizations, for the period from 2016 to 2020 are considered and analyzed. In addition, the article focuses on the activities of domestic higher and secondary vocational educational institutions that train specialists for the tourism sector. Foreign experience is considered and directions are given that should be priority in training personnel for the tourism industry.