Latar Belakang. Fraktur sampai saat ini masih menjadi  masalah utama dalam bidang kesehatan karena dapat mengenai semua kelompok usia, terutama anak-anak. Fraktur suprakondiler merupakan fraktur tersering yang ditemukan pada fraktur humerus anak dikarenakan faktor anatomi dan peristiwa trauma tunggal seperti kecelakaan lalu lintas dan terjatuh dari ketinggian. Objectif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kejadian fraktur humerus pada anak yang dirawat di RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2014-2017. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan data sekunder terhadap 43 pasien anak yang mengalami fraktur humerus dan telah menjalani terapi di Bagian Orthopedi RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2014-2017. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 43 kasus fraktur humerus pada anak antara tahun 2014-2017 di RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang. Hasil. Terjadi peningkatan kasus pada tahun 2015 (37,2%). Kelompok usia terbanyak adalah usia 12-17 tahun (48,9%) dan angka kejadian tertinggi dari semua kasus ditemukan pada anak laki-laki (74,4%). Lokasi fraktur yang paling sering adalah pada distal humerus (69,3%), lebih spesifik yaitu pada daerah suprakondiler humerus (46,5%). Berdasarkan jenis fraktur didapatkan fraktur tertutup (76,7%) lebih sering ditemukan dibanding fraktur terbuka (23,3%). Tatalaksana yang sering digunakan yaitu dengan terapi operatif (76,7%). Trauma tunggal (100%) merupakan satu-satunya penyebab fraktur humerus pada anak dengan kecelakan lalu lintas (67,4%) merupakan penyebab tersering terjadinya trauma tersebut. Kesimpulan. Terdapat peningkatan fraktur humerus pada anak setiap tahunnya. Oleh sebab itu, perlunya pengawasan orang tua terhadap anak-anak agar dapat menurunkan angka kejadian fraktur humerus pada anak.

Objective: To determine the correlation of different serum estradiol levels on the trigger day with the clinical and laboratory outcomes of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles comprising a single fresh top-quality blastocyst transfer. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study performed in Morula IVF Clinic Jakarta. Five hundred forty-two women were recruited and grouped according to their serum estradiol levels on the trigger day of follicular maturation as follows: <2 000 pg/mL, 2 000-2 999 pg/mL, 3 000-3 999 pg/mL, and ≥ 4 000 pg/mL. Clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates were evaluated as the primary outcomes and embryology laboratory results as the secondary outcomes which consisted of the number of retrieved, mature, and fertilized oocytes, the total sum of derived embryos, and top-quality embryos at cleavage and blastocyst stage. Results: Clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates did not differ among the groups (P>0.05). Nonetheless, the study demonstrated a positive correlation of the serum estradiol levels with the overall laboratory outcomes including the number of retrieved, mature, and fertilized oocytes, the total sum of derived embryos, and top-quality embryos at cleavage and blastocyst stage (P<0.001). The subject group with estradiol level of ≥4 000 pg/mL was superior to the other groups in its respective median number of retrieved, mature, fertilized oocytes, total derived embryos, and top-quality cleavage- and blastocyst-stage embryos. Conclusions: Although an apparent positive correlation is observed between estradiol levels and laboratory outcomes, serum estradiol level on hCG trigger day is not associated with the clinical outcomes of IVF.

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Either Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or glutathione solely has been known to have benefits on oocyte maturation, yet study about combination effects are still limited. This study aimed to observe the effects of FSH and glutathione supplementation to the in vitro maturation (IVM) media on mouse oocyte maturation. Immature oocytes of F1 (C57BL/6xCBA) female mice were matured for 24 hours in Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) Alpha supplemented with 5 μg/mL FSH and 0.15 mM glutathione, in 3 different combinations, i.e. the MEM alpha without any supplementations, supplementation of FSH solely, and combination of FSH with glutathione. A total of 209 immature oocytes were studied to examine the oocyte maturation. Treatment with FSH supplementation alone (p=0.043) and in combination with glutathione (p=0.016) showed significantly higher oocyte maturation. This study indicated that in vitro oocyte maturation can be augmented by supplementation of IVM medium with FSH, either solely or along with glutathione.

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease involving activated synovial tissue due to inflammation. Cytokines seem to enhance the matrix components of lead to destruction of cartilage. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used for cell-based nowadays approaches, thus activated cytokines, IL-1β andIL-6 as a result of synovial inflammation that are left to be investigated.This is an in vitro study of IV-IL and IL-6 on IV synoviocytes-derived osteoarthritis treated with MSCs. Synovium was harvested from 3 patients with grade IV OA who were diagnosed by orthopedic surgeon and TKR underwent. Cells were isolated using explants culture method and cultured in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum, 1% penicillin streptomycin, and amphotericin B. Cells were incubated at 370C and 5% CO2. After third passages, cells were co-cultured with MSCs. Expression of IL-1β and IL-6 are observed using realtime polymerase chain reaction (PCR) after 24 hours and 48 hours. The expression of IL-1β is marked up after 24 hours of cocultured with MSCs (57.72 ± 18.37) compared to control and shows a tendency to downgrade after 48 hours of event, statictically not significant. However, IL-6 showed a higher expression in synoviocytes after 24 hours of co-cultured with MSCs, and was significantly down regulated after 48 hours. Both IL-1 β and IL-6 showed higher expressions on 24 hours co-culturing synoviocytes with MSCs. Not IL-1β, expression of IL-6 is significantly decreased after 48 hours MSC treatment, implying that MSV grade IV syndicarthritis-derived osteoarthritis.