Populations of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors are quite heterogeneous and consist of multiple cell subsets with distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics. Some of these subsets also appear to be interconvertible and oscillate between functionally distinct states. The multipotent hematopoietic cell line EML has emerged as a unique model to study the heterogeneity and interconvertibility of multipotent hematopoietic cells. Here we describe extensive phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of EML cells which stems from the coexistence of multiple cell subsets. Each of these subsets is phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous, and displays distinct multilineage differentiation potential, cell cycle profile, proliferation kinetics, and expression pattern of HSC markers and some of the key lineage-associated transcription factors. Analysis of their maintenance revealed that on a population level all EML cell subsets exhibit cell-autonomous interconvertible properties, with the capacity to generate all other subsets and re-establish complete parental EML cell population. Moreover, all EML cell subsets generated during multiple cell generations maintain their distinct phenotypic and functional signatures and interconvertible properties. The model of EML cell line suggests that interconvertible multipotent hematopoietic cell subsets coexist in a homeostatically maintained dynamic equilibrium which is regulated by currently unknown cell-intrinsic mechanisms.

Rubén Esteban LÓPEZ PÉREZ -Universidad de LeónRESUMEN: El presente trabajo se centra en el análisis del concepto de extranjero en el Señorío de Vizcaya y en la villa de Bilbao durante el siglo XVIII y principios del XIX. Así, nos interesa en primer lugar conocer la legislación y límites existentes a la venida de foráneos y el modo en el que éstas disposiciones se aplicaban. Una vez vistos algunos casos concretos de forasteros que llegaron al Señorío y sus motivaciones abordaremos el análisis de la acogida que tuvieron los inmigrantes por parte de la población y de las autoridades locales.PALABRAS CLAVE: extranjeros, limpieza de sangre, inmigración, fuero de Vizcaya, comercio, Vizcaya, Bilbao, xenofobia, siglos XVIII y XIX.ABSTRACT: This essay deals with the fact of being a foreigner in Vizcaya and the village of Bilbao during the 18 th and early 19 th centuries. First of all we are interested in knowing the laws and local limits against the arrival of these foreign people, and the way they were put into effect. After having analysed a few examples of foreigners who came to Vizcaya and their motivations, we will study the reception the immigrant people had by the population of the city and the local authority.

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