No abstract

Port plays an important role in provisioning commodity needs for the society in a region. Port of Tanjung Emas Semarang (PTES) is the major port on the north coast of Java Island and serves as a port for liquid and solid goods, passengers, and fuel. This descriptive research applied a random sampling technique whose samples were taken from the port basin and control station. The research was carried out at ten stations at both high and low tides during the East Asian Monsoon. This research was aimed: a) to test the correlation of physical-chemical parameters at both high and low tide using Pearson correlation, b) to test the correlation of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn) in seawater and sediment at both high and low tide, c) to perform cluster analysis on the stations at both high and low tide, d) to determine port waters Index of Pollution (IP), e) to identify factors that affect the port water pollution using PCA (Principal Component Analysis). The findings showed that in waters, Pb was found as the most dominant pollutant at both high and low tides (Pb>Cd>Cu>Zn). In sediment, Zn was the most dominant of all (Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd). Igeo value indicated that the contamination level in the sediment was moderate. Heavy metals accumulate differently at high and low tides, at low tide heavy metals accumulate on the outside toward the port, while at high tide they accumulate at the mouth of the Kali Baru River. This is caused by differences in the flow of tidal or ebb currents. All research stations were classified as having heavy pollution. Both control stations (Siangker and BKT estuaries) showed differences with stations inside the port, including physico-chemical variables, namely: a) TSS, phosphate, nitrate during high tide conditions; b) pH, DO, TDS, turbidity, TSS at low tide.

This research (1) analyzed the content of Pb and Cd in water and sediment; (2) analyzed physical and chemical parameters in water; (3) determined the enrichment factor and accumulation index of Pb and Cd in sediments; and (4) to identified water quality based on the Pollution Index (IP) and STORET. The analysis was carried out using PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and Pearson's correlation, and was conducted in the downstream section of the Musi River, Palembang, using a random sampling technique. Based on the analysis, it was found that the content of Pb and Cd in the waters had surpassed the quality standard whereas the contents of both heavy metals found in the sediment still met the quality standard. It was also found that several variables of the physical and chemical parameters did not meet the criteria. Based on the Enrichment Factor (EF) and the Accumulation Index (Igeo) of Pb and Cd, the river had not been defiled. The pollution index values of both IP and STORET indicated that the water had been heavily polluted. Based on the PCA, three factors which affected the quality of the river water were found. Keywords: abiotic, defilement, evaluation, index, mud, quality.

Transportation is vitally important to connect and provision human societies. Almost all activities that people carry out on a daily basis are related to the use of transportation structures. This makes it easy for people to move places or goods to a specific destination. Study employs qualitative research to consider the importance of overland transport in the construction and maintenance of human societies. Keywords: Socialization, Togetherness, Land transportation

Belitung Regency is one of the regencies in Indonesia’s Bangka Belitung Province where river crossing transportation plays a vital role in transportation activities and the region’s economy. The Gorare Ferry Motor Boat is a ro-ro type motor boat serving the Tanjung Ru-Sadai route. This form of transportation is expected to be able to stimulate economic growth in the region’s more remote areas, and the government is therefore providing subsidies to support the programme. Based on productivity data from 2010 to 2013, there was a significant increase in passenger volumes and vehicle productivity. However, the pricing rate does not cover the operating costs of the ship. This study seeks to ascertain when the service will reach breakeven and no longer require subsidies. Keywords: Crossing, Transportation, Role