Bladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the most malignant cancers worldwide, and its prognosis varies. 1214 BLCA samples in five different datasets and 2 platforms were enrolled in this study. By utilizing the gene expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, and another two datasets, in GSE13507 and GSE31684, we constructed a risk score staging system with Cox multivariate regression to evaluate predict the outcome of BLCA patients. Three genes consist of RCOR1, ST3GAL5, and COL10A1 were used to predict the survival of BLCA patients. The patients with low risk score have a better survival rate than those with high risk score, significantly. The survival profiles of another two datasets (GSE13507 and GSE31684), which were used for candidate gene selection, were similar as the training dataset (TCGA). Furthermore, survival prediction effect of risk score staging system in another 2 independent datasets, GSE40875 and E-TABM-4321, were also validated. Compared with other clinical observations, and the risk score performs better in evaluating the survival of BLCA patients. Moreover, the correlation between radiation were also evaluated, and we found that patients have a poor survival in high risk group, regardless of radiation. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was also implemented to find the difference between high-risk and low-risk groups on biological pathways, and focal adhesion and JAK signaling pathway were significantly enriched. In summary, we developed a risk staging model for BLCA patients with three gene expression. The model is independent from and performs better than other clinical information.

Woad root has been used for the prevention of influenza for hundreds of years in many Asian countries. In this study, the antiviral modes of clemastanin B (CB), epigoitrin, phenylpropanoid portion (PEP), and the mixture of phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, and organic acid portions (PEP + ALK + OA) from wood root extract against influenza virus A FM1 were investigated. The results revealed that CB, epigoitrin, PEP, and PEP + ALK + OA exert their anti-influenza activity via inhibiting the virus multiplication, prophylaxis, and blocking the virus attachment. The primary mode of action of PEP and PEP + ALK + OA is the inhibition of virus replication. The inhibitory effect on virus attachment and multiplication is the main modes for epigoitrin. All the compounds or chemical portions from woad root extract tested in this study do not have direct virucidal activity. Our results provided the comprehensive analysis of the antiviral mechanism of wood root extract.

The prognosis of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is unstable in the stage II-III patients. Patients with early stage II CRC have a relative poor prognosis while other stage III CRC patients have a better prognosis. In our work, by utilizing the expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs measured by microarray (GSE39582), we constructed a risk score staging system with Cox multivariate regression model to predict the outcome of grade II-III CRC patients. Ten genes including two lncRNAs and eight mRNAs were used to estimate the survival of stage II-III CRC patients. The patients with high risk scores have poorer survival rate those with low risk scores, significantly. These results were further validated in another three independent datasets (GSE37892, GSE33113, and GSE17536). The relationship between clinical information and were evaluated, and the risk score is independent from the other clinical information and performs better in evaluating the survival of stage II-III CRC patients. Moreover, the correlation between chemotherapy was also evaluated, and we found that both patients with or without chemotherapy have a poor survival in high risk group. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used to find the difference between high-risk and low-risk groups, and pathways including cell adhesion and focal adhesion were significantly enriched, suggesting that the risk score reflects the status of cell-cell physical interaction. In summary, we constructed a risk staging model for grade II-III CRC, which is independent from and performs better than clinical information.

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