Aim: To evaluate the short-term effects of horizontal muscle resection (Rt) or recession (Rs) surgeries on anterior and posterior segment parameters (ASPs and PSPs) in strabismus patients, using Pentacam HR and optical coherence tomography (OCT) devices. Material and Method: This prospective study included 21 female and 17 male patients who underwent horizontal muscle surgery (Rt or Rs). ASPs were evaluated with Pentacam HR and PSPs were evaluated with OCT, one day before and one month after surgery. Results: The mean age of all the patients included in the study was 16.52±7.90 years. Rt surgery was performed on 18 patients and Rs surgery on 20 patients. When the pre- and postoperative measurement values of all patients were compared, statistically significant differences were found in respect of iridocorneal angle (ICA) 90° and anterior chamber depth (ACD) in both the Rt and Rs groups. A significant narrowing was detected in ICA 90° and ACD in Rt patients (p

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