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This chapter discusses the role of some of the important tools and techniques and critical operational issues in managing the dead following disasters and mass casualty incidents (MCIs). The factors governing severity of MCIs, the basic components of the operation system of managing the dead (body recovery, control of body, identification, preservation, repatriation and burial/cremation), safety issues, human resources and logistics, and management of contaminated bodies are described. Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake and the June 2013 Uttarakhand Floods Disaster are presented.

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This chapter describes the severe impact of the sequential multiple disasters (earthquake, tsunami, fires and nuclear disaster) that occurred in Japan in March 2011, and their physical/psychological impact, interventions practiced and lessons learnt to develop resilience among the community.