Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the oral hygiene related quality of life in patients attending endodontic department and to access the relation of age and gender with Oral Health Related Quality Of Life. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study based on Oral Health Related Quality Of Life was done on patients attending endodontic department in a private dental hospital during the month of May 2018. Convenient sampling technique was used. All the patients attending endodontic department for Root Canal Treatment aged between 16-60 were included in the study. Any patient attending the department for re-RCT and medically compromised were excluded from the study The OHIP 14 questionnaire was used, which is divided into different conceptual dimensions i.e. functional dimension, physical pain, psychological pain, physical discomfort, psychological discomfort, physical disability, social disability and handicap. Spss ver20 was used for analysis and p value of ± 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 100 participants were included in the study. Out of which 42(42%) were male and 58(58%) were females. The mean age of the participants was 32.34 years. The mean OHIP score of this study was 21.95, whereas the minimum value was recorded as 1 and maximum value was recorded as 54.None of the participants showed OHIP score of zero. 24(24%) of the participants felt tense, 21% participants had painful aching while 20 (20%) reported to be self conscious due to problem with their teeth.7(7%) reported that very often they have taste worsening and only 10(10%) had trouble pronouncing words. Chi square between Gender of subject and trouble pronouncing any words showed a highly significant result (p-value= 0.058) A highly significant relationship was observed between both items of physical disability and Gender of subject(p-value 0.037 and 0.022). Conclusion: All the patients attending endodontic department were unsatisfied with their OHRQOL up to some extent. Patients experienced psychological discomfort and disability along with physical pain which in turn leads to compromised quality of life.

OBJECTIVES This objective of this study was to evaluate the role of a heavy metal- lead acetate in the eruption rate of hypo functional incisors in albino Wistar rats. METHODOLOGY An experimental study was done in animal house of Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore since March 2019 to March 2020. 34 adult albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups (n=17 for each group) i.e., control and lead acetate group. Right mandibular incisors were selected for this study. Selected incisors were marked 1mm above the level of gingival papillae. The incisors were cut above this mark to make it hypo-functional. The readings were measured by digital Vernier caliper. This was considered as day 0. Incisors length was measured at day 0, 3, 6, 12 and 15 and eruption was calculated. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. RESULTS Eruption rate was similar throughout the study except last follow up. At the end of this study eruption of incisors in albino Wistar rats in control was 03.30±0.72mm, in lead 02.43±1.19mm. At day 15, the difference between control and lead group was statistically significant (p-value 0.033). CONCLUSION These results reveal that besides other causes of delayed tooth eruption excessive lead intoxication are also acausative factor of delayed tooth eruption.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare working length calculated with conventional radiographs and an electronic apex locator (IPEX II) during the root canal treatment of mandibular anterior teeth. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Operative Dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital, Peshawar during February and March 2018. A consecutive sampling technique was used for sampling. Only 30 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Detailed medical and dental history was taken. Only patient fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: The mean age for patients was 45.33±5.16. 33% out of 30 patients (10) were male and 20 were females. The mean working length calculated from radiographs was 22.25±1.29 (min 20.09-max 24.10). The mean working length calculated by the electronic apex locator (IPEX II) was 22.17±1.28 (min 20.00-max 24.07). The mean difference between working length calculated by radiograph and electronic apex locator was -0.084mm, which means the working length determined by radiographs and by electronic apex locator has no difference in mandibular anterior teeth with single canals. CONCLUSION: Both the methods can be used effectively in endodontics for single-rooted mandibular teeth, but if both are used in combinations can lead to an improvement in the working length accuracy, which may significantly reduce the number of radiographs exposure, and increase the success and comfort for endodontic patients. KEYWORDS: Working Length, Apex Locator, Conventional Radiograph

OBJECTIVE:The objective of the current study was to determine the frequency and factors of endodontic flare-ups and to compare the post obturation pain in single visit and multi visit root canal therapy, at the department of operative dentistry Sardar Begum Dental College (SBDC), Peshawar.MATERIALS AND METHODS:It was a cross sectional study, carried out at the department of operative dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental College, Peshawar. A total sample of 200 subjects was studied. Treatment protocols were standardized and, after taking informed consent endodontic procedure was carried out. Chi-square test was used to explore the relationship between endodontic flare ups with study variables.RESULTS:Our sample consisted of 54% females and 46% males. Frequency of endodontic flare ups was experienced by 48% subjects.96.2% had used antibiotics, Endodontic flare ups was found to be significantly associated with gender, preoperative diagnosis ,preoperative pain and medication while it was not found to be associated with any other variable studied.CONCLUSION:It was concluded that prevalence of post preparation pain during root canal treatment was high and significantly affected by pre-operative pain, preoperative diagnosis and medication. However, careful selection and adherence to the basic principles of endodontic therapy may reduce the occurrence of flare ups.

OBJECTIVEQuality is a major concern of health care authorities all over the world. Patient satisfaction regarding the dental treatment they receive is essential for the improvement of oral health service and practice. The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of patient satisfaction regarding quality of dental care provided at Sardar Begum Dental Hospital.METHODSA random sampling technique based over one-month period; June 5th _ July 5th 2016 was used. Comprising of interviewer-administered questionnaires with a five point Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, uncertain, disagree, strongly disagree) to assess the level of patients’ satisfaction with the dental services provided at the Sardar Begum Dental Hospital.RESULTSA total of 360 patients participated that has received and/or was still receiving treatment at Sardar Begum Dental Hospital with a response rate of 73 %.The overall estimate of factors related to satisfaction showed a mean percentage of74.8% for the 4 disciplines of satisfaction displaying a high level of satisfaction.CONCLUSIONMajority of patients receiving treatment at Sardar Begum Dental Hospital were satisfied with dentist-patient interaction, administrative efficiency, technical competency and hospital environment.