The purpose of this descriptive-explanatory study is to examine the relationship between critical thinking and creativity and the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium-sized businesses (MSMEs) in Indonesia during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this study, a questionnaire instrument was used, which was given online using Online Survey Forms, to collect information from a sample of 108 business managers who were selected at random to participate. Using the SmartPLS software, an analysis was performed once the data had been collected. The results indicate a substantial impact on the performance of MSMEs in Indonesia was found to be associated with critical thinking and innovation, according to the findings.

No abstract

This study aims to determine: (1) the effect of brand image on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction, (2) the effect of price on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction, (3) the effect of product quality on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction, (4) the effect of brand image on customer loyalty, (5) The effect of price on customer loyalty, (6) The effect of product quality on customer loyalty, and (7) The effect of consumer satisfaction on customer loyalty. This research method uses quantitative methods. The population in this study are all consumers who buy and consume Bear Brand Milk products in the city of Surabaya. While the sample in this study were consumers who consumed Bear Brand Milk products more than once in the city of Surabaya with an age range of 15 - 54 years with a sample of 100 people. The data analysis technique used is Path analysis. With the results of the study that the brand image variable (X1) has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty (Y) through customer satisfaction (Z). Price variable (X2) has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty (Y) through customer satisfaction (Z). Product quality variable (X3) has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty (Y) through customer satisfaction (Z). Brand image variable (X1) has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty (Y). Price variable (X2) has no positive and insignificant effect on customer loyalty (Y). Product quality variable (X3) has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty (Y). Keywords: Brand image, price, product quality, consumer satisfaction, customer loyalty

No abstract

No abstract