ResumoContexto: O estigma que pesa sobre as doenças psiquiátricas é o mais forte impedimento para que o paciente busque tratamento, mais até que a di culdade de acesso aos serviços de saúde. A esquizofrenia também é a doença mais usada hoje como metáfora na mídia, aparecendo rotineiramente associada a crimes e violência. Objetivos: Avaliação da presença do estigma estrutural na mídia brasileira por meio do levantamento de notícias em imprensa e internet que utilizam o termo "esquizofrenia" e correlatos ("esquizofrênico/a") sob três aspectos: (a) uso médico e cientí co; (b) atribuição do diagnóstico de esquizofrenia a suspeitos de crimes com pouco ou nenhum rigor médico ou cientí co; (c) uso metafórico. Métodos: O estudo foi realizado em três etapas: levantamento de notícias, classi cação dos itens encontrados e análise do contexto em que foram publicados. O levantamento foi realizado em dois períodos -2008 e 2011 -, sendo o primeiro restrito ao jornal Folha de S. Paulo e o segundo ampliado para os portais dos principais veículos impressos brasileiros. Resultados: Foram encontrados 229 textos, distribuídos da seguinte forma: 89 (39%) registros em ciência e saúde, com tendência à impessoalidade; 62 (27%) registros em crime e violência, em que o "diagnóstico" de esquizofrenia é feito por leigos e "corroborado" por uma arqueologia da vida do suspeito que arrola toda sorte de comportamentos fora de padrão; 78 (34%) de uso metafórico, sempre de caráter depreciativo. Conclusões: A maioria dos textos encontrados (a) não dá voz ao portador de esquizofrenia e a seu sofrimento, (b) banaliza a doença psiquiátrica ao empregá-la fora de contexto para caracterizar decisões políticas e econômicas contraditórias ou de caráter duvidoso e (c) reforça o estigma que pesa sobre o portador de esquizofrenia ao personalizá-lo apenas nos raros casos de violência em que se supõe seu diagnóstico. AbstractBackground: Schizophrenia is the most common illness used today as a metaphor in the media and routinely appears associated with crime and violence with no medical or scienti c rigor, reinforcing the stigma against this disorder. Objectives: Evaluation of the presence of structural stigma in the Brazilian media by means of a survey of printed news and the Internet using the term "schizophrenia" and its correlates under three aspects: (a) medical and scienti c uses, (b) assigning a diagnosis of schizophrenia to crime suspects with little or no medical or scienti c rigor, and (c) the metaphorical use. Methods: e study was conducted in three stages: search for publications, classi cation of items found and analysis of the context in which they were published. e survey was conducted in two periods: 2008 and 2011, the rst being restricted to the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo and the second extended to the homepage of the main Brazilian print media. Results: We found 229 texts, distributed as follows: 89 (39%) records as science and health, with a tendency to impersonality; 62 (27%) records as crime and violence, in which the "diagnosis" of schiz...
Schizophrenia is the most common illness used today as a metaphor in the media and routinely appears associated with crime and violence with no medical or scientific rigor, reinforcing the stigma against this disorder. Evaluation of the presence of structural stigma in the Brazilian media by means of a survey of printed news and the Internet using the term schizophrenia and its correlates under three aspects: (a) medical and scientific uses, (b) assigning a diagnosis of schizophrenia to crime suspects with little or no medical or scientific rigor, and (c) the metaphorical use. The study was conducted in three stages: search for publications, classification of items found and analysis of the context in which they were published. The survey was conducted in two periods: 2008 and 2011, the first being restricted to the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo and the second extended to the homepage of the main Brazilian print media. We found 229 texts, distributed as follows: 89 (39%) records as science and health, with a tendency to impersonality; 62 (27%) records as crime and violence, in which the 'diagnosis' of schizophrenia is given by lay people and 'supported' by an archeology of the life of the suspect which enlists all sorts of non-standard behavior; and 78 (34%) records of metaphorical use, always with a negative meaning. Most of the texts found (a) does not give voice to people with schizophrenia and their suffering, (b) trivializes the use of this psychiatric illness out of context to describe contradictory or of dubious character political and economic decisions, and
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