The exchange perspective A related but somewhat different take on hospitality is the view of looking at hospitality as an exchange between host and guest, either on the level of groups, such as nations, cultures, subcultures, organisations or on the level of individual interaction. Academics such as political scientists, economists, sociologists, cultural anthropologists, and sociolinguists examine hospitality from this viewpoint. In academic discussions, people receiving hospitality range from consumers in hospitality business settings (