INTRODUCTION Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by increase blood glucose level resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. 1 The prevalence of diabetes is on the rise, more alarmingly in the developing nations. The number of diabetic patients in the world has been estimated more than 175 million. Diabetes mellitus is ranked 7 th among leading causes of death & has been rated 3 rd when all its fatal complications are taken in to account. Patients with type-2 diabetes have increased risk of cardiovascular disease associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia. Coronary artery disease, especially myocardial infarction is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. 2 Hyperglycemia and atherosclerosis are related in type-2 diabetes. 3 Besides multiplying the risks of coronary artery diseases, diabetes enhances incidences of cerebrovascular ABSTRACT Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the common disorders which is seen in most of the diabetes patients, which causes cardio vascular disorders. Objective: To detect the lipid abnormality in diabetic patients. Methods: The study was carried out at Medicine Department, K.J. Mehta hospital, Amargadh, Bhavnagar during period from September 2014 to August 2015. The lipid profiles and the fasting blood sugar values of 100 type-1 diabetic patients, 100 type-2 diabetic patients and 50 healthy subjects were studied after taking informed consent. Their serum samples were assessed for fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) by using standard biochemical methods. The data was collected by predesign, pretested proforma and analyzed using SPSS 17.0 (Trial version). Results: Maximum Number of patients (37% and 44%) were from age group of 20-29 years in type-1 DM & 50-59 years in type-2 DM respectively. 53% cases of type-1 DM and 70 % cases of type-2 DM had less than 140 mg/dl level of Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS. 49 % patients of type-1 DM and 30% of type-2 showed more than 200 mg/dl level of Post Prandial Blood Sugar (PPBS). Majority of type 2 DM patients (72%) showed high serum cholesterol level, while only 12% of the type1 DM patients showed high serum cholesterol level. 95% of type 1 DM patients showed normal (10-190 mg/dl) serum triglyceride level, while only 26% of type 2 DM subjects showed normal level. Serum LDL level was high (>160 mg/dl) in 78% of type 2 DM patients, while only 19% of type 1 DM patients showed higher value. All patients of type 2 had normal serum HDL level. Conclusions: The frequencies of the high cholesterol, high TG and high LDL levels were higher in the diabetic group, thus indicating that diabetic patients were more prone for dyslipidemia, which could cause cardiovascular disorders.

Adolescence and young adulthood are periods of critical development and transition. In terms of age, It is period of life that is extended from 10-19 years which includes pubertal development also. These young people undergo major physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes. These changes have important implications for health. As young people become increasingly independent, they face significant choices in areas such as diet, substance use, sexuality, physical activity and use of health care services. These choices are shaped by individual, family, social environments, and other contextual factors. A school is a key location for educating adolescents about health, hygiene and nutrition, and for putting in place interventions to promote the health of adolescents. At the same time, poor health, poor nutrition and disability can be barriers to attending school and to learning. Schools are sacred because they provide an environment, for learning skills, and for development of intelligence that can be utilized by students to achieve their goals in life. It is also observed that "to learn effectively, adolescents ABSTRACT Background: Adolescence and young adulthood are periods of critical development and transition. Adolescent constitutes over 23% of the population in India. Nutrition and health needs of the adolescent are more because of more requirements for growth spurt and increase in physical activity. Objective: To study health profile of adolescents of Bhavnagar district. Methods: The study was carried by Medicine Department, K.J. Mehta Hospital, Amargadh, Bhavnagar during period from September 2014 to August 2015. After taking the permission of principals of 10 schools and consent of the parents of adolescents, 842 adolescents from 10 schools of Bhavnagar district were examined for nutritional deficiencies. The data was collected by predesign, pretested proforma and analyzed using SPSS 17.0 (Trial version). Results: Mean age was 15.8 ± 1.96 years. Out of 867, 433 (51.4%) were boys and 409 (48.6%) were girls. Vitamin A deficiency was present in 53 (6.3%) adolescents. Vitamin B complex deficiency signs were seen in 139 (16.5%) adolescents. Vitamin C deficiency signs were seen in 84 (10.0%) adolescents. PEM was observed in 90 (10.7%) adolescents. The study revealed that 67.0% girls were suffering from anaemia compare to 58.7% of boys. 117 (13.9%) adolescents had visual impairment. Conclusions: Poor personal hygiene and nutritional deficiency among these adolescents needs great attention and health education.