Technical regulations that determine milk quality standards in Brazil establish the minimum criteria that the processing industry's raw material must present. These rules can challenge the logistics sector (transport) to maintain adequate milk conservation levels. We aimed to evaluate the influence of bulk transport and storage conditions on refrigerated raw milk quality. The experiment was carried out in a dairy industry in Santa Catarina State. Information and samples of refrigerated raw milk were collected from dairy farms, from isothermal compartments of milk trucks, and from the industry's storage silo. These samples were submitted to microbiological analysis, somatic cell count (SCC), and physicochemical analysis. The results were evaluated by ANOVA and multivariate analysis (factor analysis). The transport of raw milk in bulk and the transfer of raw material to the industrial silo worsened the milk's microbiological quality (p < 0.0001) for standard plate count (SPC) and psychrotrophic microorganism count (PMC), without affecting, the physicochemical characteristics of the milk (p > 0.05). Poor hygienic conditions in milk storage rooms, in the refrigeration bulk tanks of the dairy farms, and during the transport, as well as the transport on longer routes, were related to higher SPC and psychrotrophic count while receiving milk by the dairy industry with higher temperatures was only associated with higher SPC.

Com o objetivo de avaliar a importância de alguns efeitos ambientais sobre a produção diária de leite e percentagens de gordura e de proteína em vacas da raça holandesa no estado do Paraná, foram analisados 993.839 registros provenientes do banco de dados da Associação Paranaense de Criadores de Bovinos da Raça Holandesa. Destes registros, após a aplicação de restrições ao banco de dados, restaram 672.881 observações, provenientes de 78.231 lactações encerradas entre janeiro de 1993 e dezembro de 1998, de 41.511 vacas da raça Holandesa, pertencentes a 377 rebanhos do estado do Paraná. As médias estimadas, os desvios-padrão e os coeficientes de variação da produção diária de leite foram respectivamente 25,062 kg/Ieite/dia, 8,148 e 32,511%; da percentagem de gordura 3,409%, 0,665 e 19,507 % e da percentagem de proteína 3,131%, 0,335 e 10,699%. Com a utilização do método dos Quadrados Mínimos, foram analisados os seguintes efeitos ambientais sobre as características citadas: ano de parto, estação de parto, frequência de ordenhas, estágio de lactação, escore de células somáticas, interação de idade com ordem de parto, idade da amostra e vaca. Todos os efeitos estudados afetaram significativamente (P<0,01) as três características produtivas estudadas, a exceção de ano de parto sobre a percentagem de gordura, com P<0,05. Os coeficientes de determinação (R2) e coeficientes de variação (%) dos modelos utilizados foram respectivamente 0,785 e 16,019 para a produção diária de leite, 0,556 e 13,827 para a percentagem de gordura e 0,643 e 6,787 para a percentagem de proteína.

The study aimed to evaluate the use of the azidiol® preservative for psychrotrophic microorganism count (PMC) in cooled raw milk. Two studies were carried out, one under controlled conditions (experiment 1) and the other under field conditions (experiment 2), in which samples of raw milk were taken with and without the use of the azidiol® preservative and analyzed at predefined times (0, 6, 12 and 24 hours - experiment 1) and at varying times (experiment 2). Analysis of variance and regression analysis using SAS were applied for data statistical analysis. Milk samples without azidiol® showed higher PMC with increasing time between sampling and analysis, while in samples preserved with azidiol®, this count remained constant. Samples of cooled raw milk intended for PMC should be collected in flasks containing the azidiol® preservative.