Survey of parent and children's health within the State Program for Public Health Development of Kazakhstan for 2011–2015 of “Salamatty Kazakhstan” was conducted, in the real research studying of level of Hb, folic acid was carried out to blood of women and their children at the age from 6 till 59 months on the basis of 4 city policlinics of the city of Astana.Were taken on the analysis of serum of blood of mothers (n=82) and their children at the age from 6 till 59 months (n=82) the content of Hb and folic acid was defined by a method of an iimunnoelektrokhemilyuminestsentsiya. Indicators of slight anemia at children at the age from 6 till 59 months are similar to indicators of WHO and reaches 25% of the surveyed children, moderate anemia at children from 6,8 % reached 15,8 %. The general level of anemia decreased at women to 23,2 %, in particular indicators of slight anemia at mothers decreased from 19% to 9,7 %.The best rates noted level increase folic acid in blood of mothers and their children, in comparison with WHO data for 2007 across the RK indicators of deficiency of folic acid considerably decreased at children from 18,7 % to 9,7 %, at mothers from 33 % to 9%.Thus, the taken legislative and social measures in the RK first of all affected decrease in deficiency of folic acid in serum of blood of mothers and their children of younger age that will lead to reduction of number of congenital defects of a nervous tube at newborns.