Odontosia walakui Kobayashi, 2006 (Notodontidae) is recorded from Russia for the first time. Thirty three moth and butterfly species are new for the fauna of Kuril Islands. The records of four species, Conistra fletcheri (Sugi, 1958), Lithophane socia (Hufnagel, 1766), Melanchra postalba (Sugi, 1982), and Diarsia ruficauda (Warren, 1909), from Kunashir Island are confirmed by examinations of their genitalia. Tortricidae species recorded from Kunashir but absent in the Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Russia are listed. All records of Dolbina exacta (Staudinger, 1892) from Kunashir Island belong to D. tancrei (Staudinger, 1887) and former species is excluded from the fauna of island.