Mitral regurgitation (MR) associated with secundum Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is not widely recognized but the association is not unusual. MR has been found in less than 10% of adults with large ASD which is mainly caused by mitral valve prolapse (MVP). We are reporting a case of congenital ostium secundum ASD with MVP associated with MR, review the clinical relevance of this association, and discuss the related literature. Our patient has shown dramatic improvement in symptoms and signs after ASD closure with mitral valve replacement along with improvement in tricuspid regurgitation. More general awareness of this association will further help the surgeon for better management of the patient with this rather unusual combination of lesions.University Heart Journal Vol. 12, No. 2, July 2016; 91-94

Ebstein’s anomaly is a rare congenital heart defect accounting for <1% of all cases. It is commonly associated with other cardiac malformations particularly, 50% of the patients are associated with atrial septal defect. We report a 22-year-old lady diagnosed to have Ebstein’s anomaly with small atrial septal defect. She was surgically managed in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University by replacing the defective tricuspid valve withSt Jude Medical Epic porcine bio-prosthetic heart valve along with plication of atrialized portion of right ventricle and direct closure of the atrial septal defect.This resulted in excellent symptomatic improvement.University Heart Journal Vol. 12, No. 1, January 2016; 37-39

<p>A 10 years old boy diagnosed as subaortic membrane with patent ductus arteriosus presented with history of occasional fever, repeated respiratory tract infection since childhood and poor gain weight.</p>

Laboratory testing has been extremely helpful in determining the severity and determining the course of treatment for COVID-19 patients. Our aim has been to look for variables of patient’s clinical and laboratory profile for two weeks and to observe their significance. Observational, Cross-sectional study. Data from the clinic and laboratory were compiled on Google form after informed consent from the patient. Statistical analysis was done using the Mann-Whitney U and unpaired t test. Population statistics included 202 patients (1st week) and 161 patients (2nd week), with the mean age of 61 ± 18 years. Most patients fell under the mild category (SPO2 >94%). High body mass index (n = 119) and hypertensive (n = 98) were the most common comorbidities observed. Diabetes, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are the other comorbidities studied in this study. Hypoalbuminemia (n = 194) is the most deranged laboratory parameter in mild category, followed by lymphopenia (n = 109). In severe category also, hypoalbuminemia (n = 13) was deranged more. Other laboratory parameters included are CRP, D-Dimer, neutrophil and lymphocyte count. This study showed that albumin is a good predictor for estimating the severity of COVID-19 patients especially in the first week of their admission.

Background and Aim Medication use management involves a set of regulations and analytical techniques for defining comprehending and assessing medicine prescription distribution and consumption and also evaluating measures to improve the efficacy of these processes. The present study aimed to assess the medication use pattern prevalence and comorbidity conditions associated with cardiovascular diseases CVD.Methods A prospective observational study was conducted for a duration of six months in the inpatient medicine department of Chigateri District hospital Davangere Tertiary care teaching hospital. Two hundred four case reports of patients with CVD were reviewed and details such as demographics specified drugs prescribed Health Related Quality of Life HRQOL were recorded.Result Two hundred four patients were enrolled out of which 57.35 were males and 42.65 were females. Most of the patients were in the age range of 58-67 years. The most prevalent CVD treated was hypertension HTN 28.23 and the most common comorbidity associated was HTN 32.17. Social habits like smoking 13.75 and HTN 16.92 were found to be the most frequent associated risk factors in CVD patients. The most commonly prescribed class of drugs was antiplatelet 28.41 the common prescribed drug was Furosemide 13.39 and Fixed Dose Combination FDC was Ecosprin gold Atorvastatin Clopidogrel Aspirin 35.29. Most of the prescriptions showed polypharmacy 84.31. While assessing the HRQOL physical component summary PCS 56.94 and mental component summary MCS 54.24 were in a modest range.Conclusion The most prevalent type of CVD was HTN. HTN and DM were the prevalent comorbid conditions among the study population. In the study polypharmacy was noted which may have an impact on rationality. Statins and antiplatelet use was appropriate however excessive use of Furosemide must be controlled. Proper prescription writing increases patient treatment compliance which promotes reason.