Background: Regarding the prevalence of chronic renal disease and CVC (central venous catheterization) complications, this systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of CVC complications in Iran. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocol, all Iran and international databases from 2000 to 2019 were investigated using keywords of fever during or after dialysis, redness of the catheter insertion site, swelling, tenderness (touch sensitivity), infection, thrombosis, inadequate catheter (catheter malfunction), hemothorax, and pus outflow (pus drainage). The search was conducted by two members of the research team (MB, AT). In case of any disagreement between them, the quality of the investigation was examined by the third person (AB). In the present study, we analyzed data using comprehensive meta-analysis software. Results: According to this study’s findings, 12 articles with a total sample of 1395 patients were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Our findings were as follows: the prevalence of hemodialysis infection was 26.6% (95%CI: 16.2%–40.6%) (I2=95.5, P<0.001, Q=236.66), the prevalence of thrombosis was 18.3% (95%CI: 11.2%-28.6%), and the prevalence of inadequate catheter (catheter malfunction) was 16.1% (95%CI: 9.2%-26.7%). Conclusion: The prevalence of CVC complications was significant in hemodialysis patients. Therefore, appropriate interventions should be provided to reduce these complications.