Morphometric study of mantis shrimp Harpiosquilla harpax (De Haan, 1844) Corresponding author: alaksono@sci.ui.ac.id Abstract. Heat stress in cattle welfare is a growing concern because of increase in ambient temperature due to global warming. Physiological adaptation is as a way to survive and reproduce by regulation internal body temperature. West Sumbawa is a dry tropic area in eastern Indonesia where its temperature range is 24-38 °C and relative humidity is 50-90 %. This study aimed to determine the physiological response of indigenous cattle i.e. Bali cattle and Sumbawa Ongole cattle to the environment in West Sumbawa. Skin and rectal temperature and respiration rate within one minute were measured as physiology profiles from seven Bali cattle and two Sumbawa Ongole cattle. They were measured every 7.00 am and 15.00 pm for five consecutive days in August 2016. The results of measurements physiology profiles differ significantly between morning and afternoon among cattle breeds. Body temperature and respiration rate were significantly different among breeds (p < 0.05). Body temperature was lower but respiration rate of Sumbawa Ongole was higher than Bali cattle. Increased respiration rate of breeds was positively correlated with Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) value (p < 0.05), but neither was body temperature. Physiological response of Bali cattle to environmental West Sumbawa through the increase in body temperature, whereas Sumbawa Ongole cattle through increasing in respiration rate.

No abstract

Morphometric study of mantis shrimp Harpiosquilla harpax (De Haan, 1844) Abstract. Heat shock protein 90-kDa is induced stress protein that expressed in response to stress and play crucial roles in environmental stress tolerance and adaptation. This study aimed to determine effect of environmental heat stress on the HSP90 expression of Bali cattle. Heat stress was measured by temperature humidity index in the morning and evening across 5-days on August 2016. The blood samples of Bali cattle were taken from venous jungularis. HSP90 was derived from RNA isolation of whole blood then was followed reverse transcription two steps. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to analyze the transcript variants of HSP90, followed by comparative ∆∆Ct to determine HSP90 expression. The results of temperature and humidity index (THI) measurement indicated THI on afternoon was higher than in the morning. The difference in environmental conditions in the morning and afternoon effected changes on rectal temperature but neither did on Hsp90 expression.

This study aims to determine the effect of inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer, and the combination of both on the growth of king grass (Pennisetum purpurephoides). The research method was a completely random design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The research treatments consisted of A (without fertilizer), B (100% inorganic fertilizer), C (100% organic fertilizer), and D (50% inorganic and 50% organic fertilizer). The result of the study shows that inorganic, organic, and its fertilizer combination treatment has a non-significant effect on the height of the plant, the length and width of the leaf, and the length of its segments, while inorganic and organic fertilizer treatment has a significant effect on the stem diameter. The conclusion is that the use of 100 % organic fertilizer has better results for the vegetative growth of king grass (Pennisetum purpurephoides) compared to the use of inorganic fertilizer and its combination.

No abstract