ID interventions are associated with improved patient outcomes. Early ID interventions are also associated with reduced costs for Medicare beneficiaries with select infections.

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A79grams), and male gender. Increasing length of mechanical ventilation and birth weight 500-999 grams were associated with ever receiving inhaled corticosteroids. CONCLUSIONS: Bronchodilator and ICS use are common for infants with BPD at U.S. Children's hospitals, although frequency of use varies significantly. The effectiveness and safety of their use in these infants needs to be determined, in order to develop evidence-based recommendations.