PANCURONIUM BROMIDE IS AN amino steroid muscle relaxant (Figure 1) which was synthesized in 1964 by Hewett and Savage and has been studied and evaluated clinically in Europe during the past four years2 -5 It is an odourless, white, crystalline powder with a bitter astringent taste, melts at 215~ with decomposition, and is soluble in 50 parts of chloroform and one part water at 20~ The co]ourless solution is stable while sealed, but breaks down in a few hours after exposure to air. In Europe it is available in 2-ml ampoules containing 4 mg pancuronium bromide, 18 nag sodium chloride B.P. and water for injection B.P. to 2 mls. The preparation which was used in this study contains preservatives (acetic acid and sodium acetate) to buffer the solution to pH 4.0. Pharmacological studies have shown that it has no hormonal action but is a potent non-depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant like'tubocurarine and gallamine. It has a more rapid onset of action than tubocurarine with a similar duration of action. It has a somewhat longer action than gallamine. It has no significant effect on the blood pressure or the tracheobronchial tree due to the very. slight ganglionblocking action and the claim is that no histamine is released, a It does not affect OOC. CH

No abstract

Halogenated ethers, as well as halothane, cause an appreciable rise in plasma norepinephrine and, perhaps, in plasma epinephrine. The technique of measurements of the biogenic amines in plasma is not sensitive enough to obtain clear‐cut comparative data. Nevertheless, the changes are evidently less marked than those occurring with “balanced” anaesthetic techniques. No significant metabolic alteration occurs with the fluorinated ethers except for a rise in blood sugar and plasma cortisol. This probably reflects an unimpaired response to stress. The changes appear to be of a similar order of magnitude to those we have observed with three forms of “balanced” or neuroleptanalgesic techniques.ZUSAMMENFASSUNGHalogenierte Äther führen, ebenso wie Halothan, zu einern merklichen Anstieg des Plasma‐Noradrenalin‐Spiegels und vielleicht auch des Adrenalins im Plasma. Die Technik der Messung biogener Amine im Plasma ist nicht empfindlich genug, um eindeutige Vergleichswerte zu erhalten. Nichtsdestoweniger sind die Veranderungen sichtlich geringer als die unter Kombinationsnarkosernethoden auftretenden. Mit den fluorinierten dthern komrnt es zu keinen signifikanten metabolischen Veränderungen, mit Ausnahme eines Anstieges des Blutzuckers und des Plasrnal‐Cortisols. Die Antwort auf einen Stress bleibt sornit offenbar unbeeinflulßt. Die Veranderungen bewegen sich anscheinend in der gleichen Gräßenordnung, die wir bei drei Arten der Kombinations‐ oder Neuroleptanaesthesie beobachtet hatten.

No abstract

No abstract