Filariasis is an infectious disease caused by filarial worms and transmitted by Mansonia and Anopheles mosquitoes. The prevalence of filariasis is influenced by the density of Mansonia and Anopheles mosquitoes. The purpose of this study was to determine the density of Mansonia, Anopheles mosquitoes, and zoonotic animals, and their relationship to the prevalence of filariasis in Taniwel District, West Seram Regency. This type of research is survey research and case control. The population in this study was the density of Mansonia and Anopheles mosquitoes, and cases of filariasis. While the research sample is people who suffer from filariasis, larval density, Mansonia and Anopheles mosquitoes. Data on the density of larvae/mosquitoes of Mansonia and Anopheles were analyzed descriptively, and analysis of the relationship between density of community habits and prevalence of filariasis was carried out by using the chi square test with SPSS version 20.0 program. The results showed that people used mosquito repellent lotion or brought mosquito rackets before doing activities at night. The density of Mansonia mosquitoes in Sohuwe Village is 4.00-5.85; Lumahlatal Village 5.00-6.60; and Maloang Village 4.00-6.20. Meanwhile, the density of Anopheles mosquitoes in Sohuwe Village is 7.00-9.85; Lumahlatal Village 5.89-6.82; and Maloang Village 5.00-6.50. The prevalence rate of filariasis in Sohuwe Village is 0.66; Lumahlatal Village 0.88; and Maloang Village 1.54; and there is a significant relationship between people's habits and the incidence of filariasis.

Background: Seagrass grows and spreads in nearly all parts of the intertidal zone. Waai village has characteristic sloping coastal water and have different patterns of zonation of seagrass in the intertidal zone's third-impact on the presence of seagrass and the organisms in it. Methods: The study was conducted in coastal waters Waai village, in the middle of the intertidal zone (middle intertidal zone) and the lower intertidal zone (lower zone intertidal). The samples in this study are all kinds of gastropods found in each plot observation station of 100 plots. Gastropod species diversity using diversity index formula Shannon - Wiener referred to under Ludwig and Reynolds. Results: From the results of the study found 8 species of gastropods and has a diversity index that is currently in the middle intertidal zone, the average diversity index of 1.76, while in the lower intertidal zone, the average gastropod diversity index was 1.45. Conclusion: diversity index indicates the middle intertidal zone, the average diversity index of 1.76, while in the lower intertidal zone, the average index of diversity of gastropods is 1.45, this is caused by the different seagrass zonation patterns and habits of the people who frequently uses seagrass area for commercial purposes.

Background: The sea is an ecosystem that has high biodiversity. Hila Village is one area that has a large enough waters located in the western part of Romang island, District of Romang Islands, Southwest Maluku District. Intertidal Zone Hila Village has different types of substrate, both muddy, sandy, sandy, dreamy, rocky, rocky, sandy, rocky, and rocky rocked. The existence of the types of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) in the coastal waters of Hila village quite a lot, physical chemical environmental factors in the coastal waters of Hila Village support the life of the sea cucumber. Method: This research is descriptive research that reveal information about environmental characteristic (temperature, pH, salinity, and dissolved oxygen), diversity and evenness of sea cucumber in intertidal zone of Hila Village. Results: The results of the research on the intertidal zone of Hila Village, Pulau Romang Subdistrict, Southwest Maluku District, were found 7 genus and 8 spesies. The types of Holothuroidea found in the study sites are Bohadschia argus, Holothuria atra, Holothuria edulis, Bohadschia marmorata, Holothuria scraba, Chiridota violaceae, Holothuria fuscopunctata, and Opheodesoma spectabili. The Holothuroidea diversity index in the Intertidal Zone of Hila Village is 1.56, categorized by medium diversity, for evenly distributed evenness because the fairness index is 1.05. Conclusion: The index of the Holothuroidea diversity in the Intertidal Zone of Hila Village is 1.56, categorized by medium diversity, for evenly distributed evenness because the fairness index is 1.05. Chemical Physical Factors The envelope found was the average temperature of 28.270C, the average pH 6.373, and the average salinity of 4.94%, indicating that the Holothuroidea was able to adapt and live in the intertidal zone of Hila Village.

Background: The nails are plants that are often consumed by the community because they are effective in curing various diseases such as cough, asthma, fever, headache, diarrhea, and dysentery. Different cooking processes can affect the nutritional content of a food ingredient, one of which is vitamin A. Method: This type of research is comparative, namely to compare the content of vitamin A found in ferns (Diplazium esculentum (Retz) Sw.) Based on the cooking process, namely boiling, steaming and stirring. Location of analysis of vitamin A content in the Basic Chemistry laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pattimura University. The subjects of the study were 4 g of ferns extract, each of which was carried out based on the cooking process, namely stir-fry, boiled and steamed. Results: There is an effect of the cooking process on the content of vitamin A on ferns. The highest vitamin A content is found in the type of stir-fry cooking which is as much as 0,0594%, the type of steamed cooking is 0,0442% and the type of boiled cooking is 0,0243%. Sauteed vegetables have relatively low water content than those boiled or steamed. Conclusion: The highest content of vitamin A in vegetable ferns (Diplazium escelentum (Retz.) Sw.) Was found in the cooking process of the type of stirring with a vitamin A content of 0.0594 with a duration of 10 minutes

Faktor fisik kimia lingkungan merupakan salah satu factor yang mempengaruhi keberadaan organisme pada suatu daerah perairan. Berdasarkan penelitian pada 10 transek dengan 50 plot pengamatan kondisi factor fisik kimia ketika dilakukan pengukuran adalah sebagai berikut; rata-rata pengukuran suhu 27,7 0C, pH 6,36, salinitas 4,9 ‰, dan Oksigen terlarut 5,9 mg/L. Indeks keanekaragaman echinodermata adalah 1,865, nilai ini mengindikasikan bahwa indeks keanekaragaman echinodermata pada lokasi penelitian sedang, indeks kemerataannya adalah 0,789, nilai ini mengindikasikan bahwa kemerataan echinodermata penelitian rendah, pada lokasi penelitian sangat jauh berbeda atau tidak merata, indeks kekayaannya adalah 62,033 ini mengindikasikan kekayaan echinodermata rendah. Nilai rata-rata dominanasinya adalah 0,032 masuk dalam kategori rendah. Hubungan factor fisik kimia lingkungan terhadap keanekaragaman terlihat bahwa nilai korelasi adalah 1,013 dan ketika dilakukan uji lanjut menggunakan uji t, maka terlihat bahwa t hitung 10,90 ˃ t table 2,015 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara factor fisik kimia lingkungan dengan keanekaragaman. Hubungan factor fisik kimia lingkungan terhadap dominanasi echinodermata terlihat bahwa nilai korelasi adalah 5,127 dan ketika dilakukan uji lanjut menggunakan uji t, maka terlihat bahwa t hitung 1,731 < t table 2,015 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara factor fisik kimia lingkungan dengan dominanasi echinodermata. Kata Kunci: Echinodermata, Faktor Fisik, Keanekaragaman, Kepadatan