The reduction in pacemaker size coupled with the addition of more current demanding functions has motivated the development of batteries that can supply higher current densities at useful voltages than the lithium/iodine batteries in use today while retaining the volumetric energy density of that system. The lithium/CFx system offers an attractive alternative for advanced pacemaker systems. The battery can deliver currents in the milliampere range without significant voltage drop. The system is compatible with titanium casing, allowing a 50% reduction in weight over the same size lithium/iodine battery. Cells have been designed and tested in these laboratories and have been shown to be suitable for advanced pacemaker applications.

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Electrochem Industries has recently released a new product called the PMX-HT C cell. The chemical system is lithium/catbon monofluoride. This primary cell has demonstrated high energy discharge performance over the temperature range of -20°C to +180°C. Data summarizing the PMX-HT C cell performance is presented.The Electrochem Industries (Eel) Division of Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. (WGL) is concemed with the development and manufacture of lithium (Li) batteries for military, industrial, and commercial OEM applications. Many of these applications are of a highly specialized nature such as the space shuttle, naval sonobuoys, satellites, and downhole instrumentation. Of the latter, oil and gas exploration and related applications require cells which are rugged to high vibration and/or high temperature.In response to the need for battery power which operates efficiently over a wide operating temperature window, a new primary cell product has been developed in our laboratories [l]. This cell has since been proven in the field and is now being manufactured for use in high temperature military and non-military applications. This product has been named the PMX-HT cell and is currently available in a "C" size with other standard as well as nonstandard sizes being designed for the near future. In addition, this product is available in a number of standard E4 battery pack configurations. Specialized pack designs can also be produced. The unique performance characteristic of the PMX-HT is the high energy density and/or service longevity provided over the temperature range of -20°C (-4°F) to +180°C (356°F).The cell chemistry is essentially that of a modified lithium/catbon monofluoride (Li/CFx) couple. CFx was selected as the cathode active material due to its high thermal stability, moderate rate capability, extremely low solubility in aprotic solvents, excellent safety record, and ease of processing. The electrolyte solution is composed ot a stable lithium salt dissolved in a suitably high boiling aprotic solvent or solvent mixture. The anode contains a lithium alloykomposite matrix for high temperature stability.The cathode is fabricated by sheeting a formulation of CFx, carbon black, and PTFE binder. onto an expanded metal or metal alloy grid. The anode is formed by laminating a Li composite foil onto a metal grid. The separator can be either a glass or ceramic nonwoven, or a combination thereof. The electrodes are wound together in the common spirally wound element configuration with the separator. The wound electrode assembly is inserted into the case with the anode lead welded to the interior case wall, and the cathode lead welded to the positive pin feedthrough in the header. The cell is filled with electrolyte through a hole in the header and then hermetically closed by welding a stainless steel ball over the fill hole. The case and header are stainless steel, and hermetic positive terminal feedthrough is accomplished by virtue of a glass-to-metal seal. The cell configuration is "case negative" meaning that the case is a...