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In polypropylene film insulated power capacitors, the surface alteration of the polypropylene film is critical to the electrical performance of the capacitors. Currently, the industry uses space factor to characterize the surface alteration. In this study, the authors investigated the surface alteration of three different polypropylene films used for power capacitors with a Keyence VK9700 3D laser microscope. The three polypropylene films have similar space factor values, similar nominal thickness and film surface alteration requirements. The study finds that the three polypropylene films have many significant differences in the morphology of the surface alteration structure and values of roughness parameters which indicate the limitations of the space factor methodology in fully characterizing surface alteration. The results show that the VK9700 laser microscope can provide much clearer film surface pictures and can provide much more surface alteration information than the ordinary optical microscope.