In this study, the synthesis of a cerium oxide nanoparticle was carried out from Acalypha indica leaf extract. The synthesized nanoparticle was characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) for structural confirmation. The studies clearly indicate that the synthesized CeO 2 nanoparticle is a crystalline material with particle size between 25–30 nm. Further analysis was carried out by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), to provide evidence for the presence of Ce - O - Ce asymmetry stretching of the CeO 2 nanoparticle. Thermo Gravimetric and Differential Scanning Calorimetry analyses gave the thermal properties of cerium oxide nanoparticles. Antibacterial studies were conducted using the synthesized CeO 2. This result showed increasing rate of antibacterial behavior with gram positive and gram negative bacteria.

In this study, the synthesis of Yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles was carried out from Acalypha indica leaf extract. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer and transmission electron microscope for structural confirmation. The studies clearly indicate that the synthesized Y 2 O 3 nanoparticle is a crystalline material with a particle size from 23 to 66 nm. Further analysis was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, to provide the evidence for the presence of Y-O-Y and O-Y-O stretchings in the synthesized Y 2 O 3 nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analyses gave the thermal stability of Y 2 O 3 nanoparticles. The results of the antibacterial studies conducted by using the synthesized Y 2 O 3 revealed an increasing rate of antibacterial behaviour with pathogens.

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