On average, patients returned to work 4.7 weeks after surgery and wrist function was significantly improved, even when the fracture failed to unite. Healing rates for acute fractures were better than those reported for plaster immobilisation and were independent of fracture location. In the case of established nonunions, healing depended on the stage and location of the fracture, but the progress of arthritis was halted and carpal collapse significantly improved.Internal fixation of the scaphoid using the Herbert bone screw, although technically demanding, has few complications and appears to offer significant advantages over other methods of treatment.

Current literature suggests that AAT may ameliorate BPSD, but the duration of the beneficial effect has not been explored. The relative benefits of "resident" versus "visiting" pet dogs are unclear and are confounded by the positive effect of pet interaction on staff or caregivers. Further research on the potential benefits of AAT is recommended.

Based on the theory that recurrent neuroma formation can be prevented if the cut nerve end is implanted into the lumen of a vein, 14 patients have been treated by neuroma excision followed by proximal vein implantation over the last 5 years. Thirteen patients reported dramatic pain relief following surgery, and this was sustained in all but one case. Both failures were re-explored, when it was found that the nerve had pulled out of the vein, leading to recurrent neuroma formation. Both cases were revised successfully using the same technique. With a mean follow-up of 15 months, 11 patients remain symptom-free, whilst three have minor residual symptoms which are not severe enough to require further surgery.

Yarala burchfieldi n. gen. and sp. is described from Oligo-Miocene deposits of Riversleigh Station, northwestern Queensland. Although the smallest and most plesiomorphic bandicoot known, it shares unique synapomorphies with other peramelemorphs, such as the posteriorly orientated preparacrista on M2, posterolingual location of the hypoconulids, and the buccal position of the centrocrista. However, Y. burchfieldi lacks synapomorphies that would unambiguously allow it to be placed in any of the modern families as currently understood. In its plesiomorphic features, Y. burchfieldi provides a structural link between peramelemorphs and dasyuromorphs and appears to be a descendant of an annectant group that separated long prior to the origin of “typical” bandicoots. This species is present in many sites within the Riversleigh area. It possibly filled an insectivorous-carnivorous niche presently occupied by small dasyurids that are relatively more abundant today than they were when the Riversleigh deposits accumulated.

No abstract