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Extensive measurements of the methane ν3 and ν4 fundamental vibration–rotation bands in CH4–He mixtures and the ν3 band in CH4–He, CH4–N2, and CD4–He mixtures have been carried out in infrared absorption at 295 °K to pressures of 3000 atm. Some profiles of the ν3 band in CH4–Ar mixtures and in pure CH4 have also been obtained. Rotational correlation functions, band moments, and intermolecular mean squared torques have been determined from the ν3 band profiles. Theoretical calculations of the mean squared torque due to anisotropic multipolar, induction and dispersion interactions have been carried out. The theoretical and experimental torques are in order-of-magnitude agreement for the CH4–N2 and CH4–CH4 systems; for CH4–He, CD4–He, and CH4–Ar the theoretical values are two to three orders of magnitude too small to account for the experimental values, indicating that in these cases the dominant contribution to the torques is given by the anisotropic overlap forces.

Caring for the dying patient can be stressful for nursing students. The purpose of this study was to describe a multimodal educational intervention designed to improve nursing students' attitude toward care of the dying patient and the family. Sophomore nursing students participated in an interactive end-of-life (EOL) lecture and simulation. A quasi-experimental, pretest/posttest design with a convenience sample was used for this study. Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying version A was used to measure attitudes toward care of the dying patient before and after educational intervention. In addition, students were given an open-ended questionnaire to reflect on their perceptions of the EOL experience and a demographic questionnaire. A paired t test revealed a statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest (t 50 = 3.1, P = .003) on the Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying, suggesting that students gained a more positive attitude toward caring for the dying patient. Three themes emerged from the content analysis and included knowing what to say and how to offer presence, becoming emotionally prepared, and learning skills to comfort. The use of lecture and simulation allowed students to assimilate the knowledge and affective skills needed to provide quality EOL care.

The Raman spectra of liquid and solid C2H4 have been examined at a reciprocal linear dispersion of 8 cm−1/mm. The liquid spectrum presents some evidence of short-range order in the liquid near the freezing point. The gerade fundamentals and low-frequency librational modes have been observed in the Raman spectrum of the solid. Analysis of the observed splitting in terms of H-atom repulsion indicates that the intermolecular force constant is 950 dyn/cm, and the crystal structure is P21/n1. The origin of other observed structures is uncertain.

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