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Secondary alkyl radicals have been postulated as participating in the Russell-Vassilev scheme of generation of light, in lyoluminescence (LL). Using the spin-trapping technique, the presence of these radicals has been confirmed in many LL phosphors. Low energy ß emitters incorporated in co-crystallised mannose and sucrose impart a dose to the matrix, in good agreement with the expected value when calibrated with soft X ray sources. Accuracy of a few per cent is attained using glutamine dosemeters in a series of mailed intercomparisons in the industrial radiation processing dose range, by use of a heat treatment at 114 oC for 5 hours. New LL phosphors, leucine and iso-leucine have similar hydrogen content to standard muscle and thus their neutron kerma are very close to those of ICRU muscle in the energy range from a few keV to 10 MeV. These phosphors are suitable for medical application particularly when used with sensitisers.

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