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CIFOR infobriefs provide concise, accurate, peer-reviewed information on current topics in forest research Global Comparative Study on REDD+ story of changeSupporting district-level jurisdictional approaches in Indonesia Key messages• Through a strong partnership with an association of district governments, Lingkar Temu Kabupaten Lestari (the Sustainable Districts Association, or LTKL), and earlier efforts to showcase the sustainability progress of subnational jurisdictions, CIFOR has continued its work on jurisdictional approaches to low-emission rural development in Indonesian districts. • The CIFOR-LTKL partnership began in 2019 but has already yielded results, like contributions to a jurisdictional approach concept note that has now been integrated into Indonesia's national development planning document, as well as the creation of the first ever district-level jurisdictional profile (in Sintang District, West Kalimantan), launched at the 2020 Global Landscapes Forum. • Together with LTKL, CIFOR co-designed the questionnaire and data collection techniques for Kerangka Daya Saing Daerah (Regional Competitiveness Framework, or KDSD), a monitoring and reporting system developed by LTKL Secretariat and its member districts to measure districts' progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). CIFOR also developed training and implementation guidelines for KDSD. • The jurisdictional approach is scaling up, with more LTKL member districts showing interest in implementing the KDSD and in creating a jurisdictional profile.

CIFOR infobriefs provide concise, accurate, peer-reviewed information on current topics in forest research Global Comparative Study on REDD+ story of change CIFOR's science on wetlands for Indonesian measurement, reporting and verification and forest reference emission level development Key messages• Tropical forested wetlands, including peatlands and mangroves, provide critical environmental services and store 3-5 times more carbon than other tropical forests.• However, because these ecosystems are under significant pressure from unsustainable land-use practices, they must be credited in the national forest monitoring and measurement mechanism and integrated into the national policy agenda.• In January 2016, the Government of Indonesia submitted a forest reference emission level (FREL) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) secretariat, and is currently in the process of finalizing its second FREL.• To achieve the intended improvement in the FREL, CIFOR has played an active role by co-producing relevant data and knowledge products, building capacity among key personnel and stakeholders, and creating a platform for communication, engagement and outreach at national and international levels.

The politics of the green economy in provincial Indonesia Insights from coal and oil palm sector reforms in East Kalimantan Key messages• East Kalimantan province (Kaltim) has adopted and developed a long-term phased 'green' economic reform strategy that includes goals to limit coal production and increase agricultural productivity, particularly in the oil palm sector.• One notable achievement of East Kalimantan's green economic reform is the issuance of various regulations supporting low-carbon development that indicate a "politics of possibility" and an appetite for change from key actors across the political spectrum. The challenge ahead is how to mobilize key actors to implement these regulations as quickly as possible.• We find that the enactment of regulations on post-mining landscape reclamation and rehabilitation was associated with well-organized public mobilizations, but coal remains central to East Kalimantan's economy. For oil palm, the government is simultaneously promoting further oil palm development along with high conservation value forest protection -now a policy prescription with widespread support from members of the house of representatives and development partners.• However, the East Kalimantan Provincial Government also seeks to maintain economic growthmeaning the province is unlikely to completely phase out coal mining and/or halt oil palm expansion in the near term.• Clear and consistent policy directions from the national government, in combination with significant new global market signals, are required for more substantial provincial green economy reforms to proceed.