Summary. Introduction. Warming in Ukraine leads to the displacement of warm zones to colder ones, and at the same time, to the removal of colonization zones of many insectivores, which are carriers of rare diseases in Ukraine. Materials and methods. Clinical observation of Dirophilaria immitis of the pleural cavity is given. The patient was treated for «pneumonia» by a family doctor and a district therapist for two months. Only after consultation with a thoracic phthisiosurgeon was diagnosed with chronic pleural empyema and performed pleurectomy. A living string-like body was found in the pleural sac, which turned out to be D. immitis. Results and discussion of observations. The diagnosis of «pneumonia» was established on the basis of the clinical picture without a detailed physical and radiological examination, which is methodologically erroneous. If the patient was observed or consulted by a specialist, surgery could be performed earlier, in the first stage of chronic disease. Conclusions. In the differential diagnosis of pleural diseases, a detailed physical and radiological examination in two projections and anamnesis leads: human bites by mosquitoes in wet places, as they are the final hosts of D. Immitis and D. repens.

The aim: Was following: the improvement of the treatment results of the lower limbs ulcers, caused by the diabetes mellitus by using our technique of the platelet-rich plasma application; the study of the features of the morphological and immunohistochemical changes, and the effect of the growth factors of the platelet-rich plasma on the regeneration and healing of the ulcers. Materials and methods: 38 patients with the trophic ulcers of the lower limbs, caused by diabetes mellitus were involved in the study. To assess the morphological features of the reparative processes before and after the treatment with PRP, the histological and immunohystochemical studies of the biopsy specimen of ulcers were carried out. Results: The total epithelialization of the ulcers in the patients from the main group was achieved on 46.5 day, and in the comparison group – 81.7 day. The light and optical study of the specimen of the main group, using the autologous platelet-rich plasma revealed the elimination of the destructive changes and reduction of the mixed-cellular infiltration compared to the patients from the comparison group. The immunohystochemical study revealed the increase of the growth factors receptors. Conclusions: The usage of the autologous platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of the trophic ulcers results in the rapid regeneration by the decrease of the destructive and inflammatory changes as well as the improvement of the vascularization.

Objective. To study peculiarities of course and diagnosis of traumatic and spontaneous injuries of ductus thoracicus. Маterials and methods. Ten patients, suffering chylothorax, were observed and examined, using thoracoscopy, аnd exudate - using test with sudan ІІІ. Results. In 6 patients the injuries of ductus thoracicus were revealed: in 1 patient - direct, in 1 - iatrogenic, and in 4 - spontaneous. In 4 patients chylothorax presented a symptom of other diseases. Conclusion. Diagnostic-treatment tactics, if the ductus thoracic injury and presence of chylothorax are suspected, ought to be following: analysis of anamnesis - pleural puncture - exudate aspiration - investigation, directed on identification of the malignant tumor cells and mycobacteria of tuberculosis - test with sudan ІІІ - thoracoscopy - pleurobiopsy - histological investigation - final diagnosis - specialized treatment (оperative-conservative).

Особливості оперативного лікування поєднаних пошкоджень трахеї та стравоходу в шийній ділянці