Ніжинський державний університет імені Миколи Гоголя У статті наведена порівняльна характеристика впливу препаратівВимпел та Ризостим на асиміляційні процеси перцю солодкого у основних фазах онтогенезу і його продуктивність. Встановлено, що зазначені препарати ефективно впливають на збільшення площі асиміляційного апарату, вміст хлорофілів а та b, сумарний вміст хлорофілів, а також сприяють підвищенню врожайності цієї культури.Ключові слова: регулятори росту рослин, перець, енергія проростання, площа асиміляційної поверхні, хлорофіли а та b, сумарний вміст хлорофілів, врожайність.Постановка проблеми. Овочі є обов'язковим продуктом харчування людини. Вони забезпечують організм такими речовинами, яких немає або недостатньо в інших продуктах харчування, а саме: вітамінами, ферментами, солями, органічними кислотами, фітонцидами, ароматичними речовинами та іншими біологічними стимуляторами. Овочі містять легкозасвоювані білки, жири, вуглеводи, які є джерелом енергії, а також велику кількість води (65-95 %), через що їхня калорійність низька. Однією із найважливіших овочевих культур є перець (Capsicum annuum L.). Його вирощують на півдні України в the action of Rizostim, the content of the sum of chlorophylls a and b was 8,03 mg/g dry weight, which was 23,7 % higher than the control value, the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b -5,23 mg/g dry weight and 2,80 mg/g of dry weight, which is by 24,7 % and 21,6 % more than the control indicators, respectively.The highest yield of sweet pepper was found in the processing of seeds of Rizostim and 39,4 t/ha were obtained, which in turn exceeded the value of control by 59,5 % respectively. Thus, a more effective growth regulator for growing sweet peppers is the preparation Rizostim. It may be recommended for agricultural practice for the presowing treatment of pepper seeds.

We have found out the effect of synthetic plant growth regulators – Azotofite, Vympel, Amber acid on assimilation processes of winter wheat sort Yuvivat in the autumn and spring periods.The formation of the assimilation surface for winter wheat plants is a decisive factor in increasing the productivity of the crop. It was ascertained that on the 12th day after the emergence of the stairs an increase in the assimilation surface of winter wheat under the influence of Vympel – by 7.8%, Amber acid – by 17.2%, Azotofite – by 20.3%.On spring period on 217 days after the emergence of the seedlings, an increase in the assimilation surface of winter wheat under the influence of Azotofite – by 40.2%, Vympel – by 32.2%, and Amber acid – by 22.8% compared to the control. Such an effect of Azotofite can be explained by the fact that it consists of cells of nitrogen-fixing bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum.In turn, Vympel, at the expense of humic acids in its composition, enhances root formation and improves nutrition, which helps to increase the growth of the above-ground part of plants.At 227 days after the appearance of the stairs, similar results were observed with the previous ones. The most effective was detected by Azotofite. He exceeded the control rate by 40.4%. The increase in the assimilation surface under the influence of Vympel was 33.1% compared with the control.The use of synthetic growth regulators had a positive effect on the formation of the mass of raw matter of winter wheat plants in the autumn and spring periods.Thus, the mass of raw matter of winter wheat plants increased by 3.4% during the autumn period under the influence of Vympel, by 12.8% by Amber acid. Azotofite, which exceeded the control index by 15.1%, showed the greatest efficiency.On 217 days after the emergence of the stairs, the increase in the mass of raw matter of plants under the influence of Vympel was at the level of 38.2%, Amber acid – 9%, Azotofite – 68% compared to control.On 227 day, the greatest effect on the growth of the mass of the raw matter of the plant was Azotofite (62.7% more than control), in the second place was the synthetic growth regulator Vympel, which increased the mass of the raw matter of the plant by 45% compared to the control.As a result of the research, it was found that the highest performance of photosynthesis was determined in versions using Azotofite and Vympel, where the net photosynthesis yield was 11.5 g/m2/day and 9.4 g/m2/day and exceeded the control values by 69.3% and 38.4% respectively.Thus, according to the results of studies of the physiological effects of synthetic growth regulators, it has been found that the most effective synthetic growth regulators that stimulate the assimilation processes of winter wheat during the studied periods are Azotofite and Vympel.

Cucumbers are a common vegetable crop in the world, so increasing its yield is an urgent issue. The effect of Rival and Rist-concentrate on the assimilation processes of cucumber in the phases of three true leaves and flowering in the open ground was studied. It was found that in the phase of three true leaves, pre-sowing treatment of cucumber seeds with Growth-Concentrate increased the value of the area of the cucumber leaf blade by 12.2 % compared to the control indicators. In the flowering phase, Rival and Rist-concentrate showed higher efficiency, stimulating the growth of the area of the cucumber leaf blade by 13.1 % and 16.7 % compared to the control indicators. Studies of the total area of the leaf apparatus of cucumber in the phase of three true leaves showed that the values of the area of the leaf apparatus of cucumber, the seeds of which were treated with Rival and Rist-concentrate exceed control by 34.8 % and 27.8 %, respectively. In the flowering phase, Rival and Growth-concentrate stimulated an increase in the area of the leaf apparatus by 21.4 % and 25.6 % compared to the control indicators. It was found that after measuring the content of chlorophyll in the tissues of cucumber leaves in the phase of three true leaves, the control value for the sum of chlorophyll а and b was 2.32 mg/g of raw mass, chlorophyll a – 1.51 mg/g of raw mass, chlorophyll b is 0.81 mg/g of raw weight. Treatment of cucumber seeds with the drug Rival allowed to increase the content of the sum of chlorophyll a and b to 2.53 mg/g of raw weight. Also, this drug affected the content of chlorophyll b, exceeding the control value by 12.5 %. In this phase, Growth Concentrate did not change the content of photosynthetic pigments in the tissues of cucumber leaves. It was found that the control value for the content of the sum of chlorophyll a and b in the tissues of cucumber leaves in the flowering phase was 2.82 mg/g of raw weight, chlorophyll a – 1.80 mg/g of raw weight, chlorophyll b – 1.01 mg/g raw mass. Treatment of cucumber seeds with Rival increased the amount of chlorophyll a and b to 4 mg/g of raw weight. Also, the drug stimulated the formation of chlorophyll a and b. It was investigated that pre-sowing treatment of cucumber seeds with the drug Rival increases the yield by 22 %, which indicates the effectiveness of this drug. Thus, the synthetic growth regulator Rival can be recommended for use in agricultural practice for pre-sowing treatment of cucumber seeds