Background: Kangayam is a popular and well known cattle breed from Tamil Nadu, known for its heat tolerance and work capacities. Postoperative wound gaping is a very traumatic and painful event for any patient including voiceless animal patient. The rejuvenating effect of herbal preparation from Oomathai (Datura metal); Mathan Thailam in a wound dehiscence following hysterotomy in a Kangayam cow affected with uterine torsion is reported. Methods: A full term pregnant Kangayam cow on its second parity was presented to the Large Animal Obstetrics Unit, Veterinary Clinical Complex (VCC), Veterinary College and Research Institute (VCRI), Namakkal with colic signs for two days. On general clinical examination, the animal was dull and depressed with recurrent kicking in the abdomen with tucked up udder. Vaginal examination revealed closed cervix and rectal examination revealed left side broad ligament crossing over the cervix towards right side. The case was diagnosed as pre-cervical right side uterine torsion and Schaffer’s method of detorsion of cervix failed to dilate. Thus, hysterotomy was performed to deliver the fetus. Postoperative wound dehiscence occurred as a complication which was treated with mathan thailam. Result: The owner was directed to apply the mathan thailam externally thrice daily after regular cleaning of wound. The result is significant that the mathan thailam showed excellent rejuvenation in the wound gaping.

In diabetic patients cardiac autonomic neuropathy is a serious and common complication. Unrecognized cardiac autonomic neuropathy can prove fatal in them. Objective: The present study was done for evaluation of standard cardiovascular reflex tests, heart rate variability and QTc interval as a tool in diagnosis of CAN in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: Randomly newly detected type 2 diabetic hundreds patients attending the Out Patient Department attached to J.J.M. Medical College were selected for the study. The results were compared with 50 controls. Niviqure software was used to analyse HRV in terms of Low Frequency, High Frequency the ratio and QTc interval. Results: Our study has shown that the values of different tests were within normal limits but, the values were slightly altered in diabetic patients with CAN score > 0. (p < 0.01). Out of 100 diabetic patients 41 individuals had borderline CAN and 25 patients had QTc values > 440. There was no significant decrease in LF, HF and LF/HF ratio. Among cardiovascular tests, hand grip test and QTc interval showed significant changes. Conclusion:In this study blood pressure response to hand grip test and QTC interval measurement have shown some promise as useful test for screening diabetics patients for CAN.

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Background: Visualizing the internal genital organs in cattle using vaginoscope or endoscope is a costly affair and practically it is not possible to use this instrument in diagnosis of anatomical defects causing infertility under field conditions. An attempt was made to replace the costly instruments with low cost and easily available borescope in the diagnosis of persistent hymen in a Jersey crossbred heifer and the procedure has been reported for the benefit of field veterinarians and theriogenologists.Methods: A Jersey crossbred heifer with normal estrous cycle length and that failed to conceive even after 6 inseminations with fertile semen was presented to the Gynaecological ward. Rectal examination revealed a fluctuating swelling in the vagina. Vaginal examination revealed obstruction in the passage and the vaginal speculum could not be progressed into the vagina. Ultrasonographic examination revealed hypoechoic fluid in the vaginal cavity. A novel approach with borescope revealed a clear view of the membranous obstruction at the level of vagino-vestibular junction. Hence, the case was diagnosed as persistent hymen and hymenotomy was performed. Result: Upon hymenotomy, about two litres of thick, gummy, tenacious reddish brown colored mucus was evacuated from the vagina. The patency was checked and the animal was treated with antibiotics for three days. The animal was inseminated at the subsequent estrus on the 22nd day and pregnancy was confirmed on 45th day. The animal calved normally and delivered a live male calf. Thus, the borescope could be effectively used in the field of animal reproduction as an alternative tool for the diagnosis of developmental defects in the vagina.

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