A preliminary assessment by the optical-mineralogical analysis can often be sufficient to solve production tasks, to study the raw composition, and to choose a processing method at the initial stages of technological researches. Such an assessment will also help to determine the vector of further studies. The material for the primary mineralogical assessment was a waste sample from the Kuznetskaya Central Processing Plant. We used the method of optical-mineralogical analysis during the mineralogical study. Factory wastes are related to the technogenic mineral raw of the first group. We have shown that it is necessary to involve coal mining wastes in the comprehensive recycling with the obligatory mineralogical and technological assessment to determine methods of preparing raw for processing and technology of its enrichment. Our conclusion is that gravity processing methods can be used for the primary concentration of coal from tailings.