The case example presented shows that an orbital emphysema with exophthalmos can occur as a rare complication of a transconjunctival pars plana vitrectomy. Close monitoring of the patient symptoms, ocular motility, intraocular pressure and the fundus showed no evidence of compressive optic neuropathy or perfusion abnormalities through orbital vessels. The exophthalmos resolved spontaneously within a few days without any consequences.

A 31-year-old woman presented with mild keratitis of her left eye. The use of daily disposable contact lenses, regularly rinsed with tap water, and the development of perineural corneal infiltrates resulted in the clinical suspicion of infection with Acanthamoeba. Corneal epithelial scraping probe for polymerase chain reaction on Acanthamoeba confirmed the clinical diagnosis. Although the treatment was limited to low-dose propamidine monotherapy because of reduced tolerability, the keratitis healed with almost no scarring after 13 months of consequent medication.