Purpose: This paper aims to analyze the influence of overconfidence bias and herding bias on investment decision making and the moderating role of financial literacy and risk attitude on overconfidence bias and herding bias on investment decision making in the Colombo Stock Market.Design/Methodology/Approach: This paper collects data from a structured questionnaire survey carried out among 110 individual investors in the Colombo stock market. This paper used a multiple regression method to analyze the influence of overconfidence bias and herding bias on investment decisions with financial literacy and risk attitude as moderating variables.Findings: Overconfidence bias has a significant influence on investment decisions. Results do not indicate that herding bias significantly influence investment decisions. Financial literacy significantly moderates the relationship between overconfidence in investment decisions. However, financial literacy does not significantly moderate the relationship between herding bias in investment decisions. Financial literacy and risk attitude do not significantly moderate the relationship between herding bias in investment decisions.Implications: The findings of this paper would help to understand the influence of behavioral bias on investment decisions of individual investors in Colombo stock market.Originality/Value: The research described in this paper study the moderating role of financial literacy and risk attitude on overconfidence bias and herding bias in making investment decisions (in Colombo Stock Exchange).
Effects of foliar nutrition of soybeans (cv.PB-I) with nitrogen and molybdenum on the seed yield and its quality are reported. Nitrogen uptake was positively affected by the foliar application of nitrogen. Foliar applcation of 1% ammonium nitrate solution t30kgN/ha) during the early pod-fill period has significantly increased the seed yield and the % protein in seeds. This effect was further enhanced by incorporation of 0.05 % ammonium molybdate in the spray solution. Application of nitrogen: 3.0kgN/ha at two leaves tV22), 15kgN/ha at early flowering (RI-R2) and 30kgN/ha at early pod-fill (R4-R5) periods had a better effect on the seed yield and the % protein in seeds. The highest seed yield (1727 kg/ha), protein yield (703.4 kg/ha) and fats (351.6 kg/ha) were recorded in the fertilizer treatment where nitrogen was applied together with molybdenum at all three stages of growth.
A greenhouse pot experiment with thirteen treatments of fertilizers was conducted to examine the effects of phosphorus and magnesium on the growth of Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle (Ceylon citronella) and the yield of its essential oil. Phosphorus nutrition enhanced the tiller production, dry matter accumulation and the yield of essential oil. Magnesium in combination with phosphorus increased the yields of dry matter and the essential oil. Magnesium facilitated the uptake of phosphorus. High correlations were observed between leaf phosphorus content and the essential oil yield (r = + 0.7) and the number of tillers per slip (r = + 0.66). The essential oil yield correlated with the number of tillers (r = + 0.9 I) and the dry matter yield (r = + 0.89).
Cassia fistula is a well-known plant species for the medicinal use of it leaves, barks and flowers. It has been identified as a rich source of phenolics which can be attributed to its medicinal properties. However, these phenolics should be extracted appropriately to effectively utilize them in various applications. This study focused on maximizing the extraction yield of total phenolics and total anthocyanins along with maximum 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity from edible flowers of C.fistula as a function of solid:liquid ratio, ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and time. The data was subjected to response surface methodology and the corresponding second order polynomial models were generated. The results showed that the polynomial models for all responses were significant, did not show lack of fit and presented determination of coefficients above 95%. This indicates the suitability of the models for prediction purposes. Using desirability function, the optimum extraction process parameters to obtain maximum values of all responses was found to be 29.56% ethanol, 1:45 solid to liquid ratio at extraction temperature of 31°C and time 24 minutes. Under these optimal conditions, the experimental values were in close agreement with the predicted values and did not show any significant difference (p<0.05). The identified optimized conditions could be used to extracts phenolics from C.fistula flowers in a cost effective and efficient manner.
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