Conclusion:Botox appears to provide improvement in digital perfusion and pain reduction in patients with Raynaud's syndrome when conservative management fails.Summary: Digital ulceration associated with Raynaud's syndrome is painful, difficult to treat, and frequently results in patient debilitation and chronic depression. Reports by Sycha and Van Beek have indicated potential benefit for patients with ischemic digits with local injection of botulinum toxin (

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Conclusion:Physician judgment is important in determining susceptibility to venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients after major abdominal surgery.

number and dosage of antihypertensive medications in either group. This study should be regarded as hypothesis-seeking, and does not definitively establish a difference in blood pressure response after carotid endarterectomy versus carotid stenting.

By avoiding diversion in most cases bladder function is preserved and the need for bladder augmentation is decreased.