RESUMEN:En importantes especies forestales se ha identificado una pérdida en la viabilidad de semilla, razón por la cual es necesario el desarrollo de estrategias que atiendan el problema, así como reconocer individuos morfológicamente superiores, favoreciendo la producción y calidad del germoplasma. El presente trabajo, evaluó la viabilidad y germinación de Cordia elaeagnoides en los municipios de Tumbiscatío y La Huacana del Estado de Michoacán, México, generando información que apoye su aprovechamiento. Fueron seleccionados ocho árboles semilleros de acuerdo a los protocolos de la "International Seed Testing Association (ISTA)", a partir de ellos, se obtuvieron muestras de semilla para realizar diversas pruebas de viabilidad y germinación. Encontrando que las semillas procedentes de la zona media/alta de la copa del árbol presentaron mayor porcentaje de viabilidad, diámetro y longitud, en comparación con las procedentes de la zona baja de la copa. Asimismo, se encontró que la temperatura afecta substancialmente la germinación, obteniendo un 53% a 30ºC. En el complejo proceso de germinación en semillas ortodoxas y recalcitrantes, factores como la temperatura y reguladores del crecimiento vegetal están fuertemente vinculados y la perturbación de su ambiente natural afecta directamente la homeostasis metabólica en semilla. La energía de germinación en C. elaeagnoides se ha reportado como bajo, pero puede aumentar significativamente, convirtiéndose en una opción para su producción. ABSTRACT: A loss in seed viability has been identified in important forest species,which is why it is necessary to develop strategies that address the problem, as well as to recognize morphologically superior individuals to favor the production and quality of germplasm. The present work evaluated the viability and germination of Cordia elaeagnoides in the municipalities of Tumbiscatío and La Huacana in the state of Michoacán, México, generating information that supports their use. Eight seed trees were selected according to the protocols of the International Seed Testing Association Solís-Sandoval, S.; M. Gómez-Romero, y C. 123(ISTA), and seed samples were obtained to perform various viability and germination tests, and found that the seeds coming from the middle/high zone of the tree crown had a higher percentage of viability, diameter and length, in comparison with those coming from the low zone of the crown. Likewise, it was found that temperature substantially affects the germination, 53% at 30ºC. In the complex process of germination in orthodox and recalcitrant seeds, factors such as temperature and growth plant regulators are strongly linked, and the disturbance of their natural environment directly affects the metabolic homeostasis in seed. Germination energy in C. elaeagnoides has been reported as low, but can increase significantly, becoming an option for its production.
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