We observe the new phenomenon of anomalous prolonged time distributions of neutron intensity using the 18NM64-type neutron monitor operating together with the shower installation of the Tian-Shan mountain cosmic ray station. We observe anomalous events in the core region of extensive air showers (EAS) with the size Ne > 106. The threshold of their generation coincides with the ‘knee’ in the energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays (about 3 × 1015 eV). The prolonged neutron events are accompanied by the flows of EAS electrons and γ-quanta having time distributions similar to those of the neutrons. The discovered phenomenon may be a reason to make a principal change in the usual procedure of EAS exploration.

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The existence of a new phenomenagiant electron-gamma bursts is established. The bursts are generated in thunderclouds as a result of the combined action of runaway breakdown and extensive atmosphere showers (RB-EAS). The experiments were fulfilled at the Tien Shan Mountain Scientific Station using EAS-Radio installation. This specially constructed installation consists of a wide spread EAS trigger array and a high time resolution radiointerferometer.