Purpose: to assess the efficacy of inhalation anesthesia with laryngeal mask in extremely premature infants with low or extremely low birthweight and somatic comorbidities during the surgery of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the active phase of the disease. Materials and methods. 477 infants of 25 to 32 weeks’ gestational age were treated by delimiting retinal laser photocoagulation. Inductive anesthesia with Sevoflurane (BAXTER HEALTHCARE Corp, USA) was followed by placing a laryngeal mask. The delimiting retinal laser photocoagulation was performed using laser devices with an adapter on a binocular forehead ophthalmoscope Supra (Quantel Medical, France) and LachtaMylon (Lasermedservis, Russia,). After the surgery, the recovery from sedation and return of consciousness took 7 to 10 minutes. Results. An inhalation of Sevoflurane with the adoption of a laryngeal mask airway significantly decreases complications of anesthesia in premature infants with comorbidities and reduces the length of hospital stay. The quick clearance of Sevoflurane makes it possible to begin feeding the infant one hour after the surgery. Conclusion. Inhalation anesthesia with Sevoflurane is a method ensuring that preterm infants receive adequate anesthesia in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in its active phase.

Purpose: to evaluate the efficacy of Lucentis for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Material and methods. 51 infants (102 eyes) with the gestational age between 24 and 33 weeks were given intravitreal injections of Lucentis, All patients selected had ROP stages I+, II+, III or III+ in zone 1, stage III+ in zone 2, or aggressive posterior ROP. The procedure was performed under general anesthesia; the dose, technique and the number of Lucentis injections conformed with the recommendations given in Lucentis instruction for use. If indicated, retinal laser photocoagulation was given after intravitreal injections using Supra (Quantel Medical, France) and Lachta-Mylon (Russia, Lasermedservis) laser equipment. Results. Clinical efficacy of intravitreal administration of Ranibizumab in infants with aggressive posterior ROP, zone 1 ROP, Stage III of zone 2 ROP was determined at 86.3 % (with no more than two injections). If ROP remains active after two injections, a change of therapy is recommended. Vascularization was noted to be complete in 51 % of cases. Conclusion. To achieve a maximum treatment effect of ROP with Lucentis, strict observation of indications criteria must take place.