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Abstract. In paper is presented programs of hydrogen technology development in the road transport, in the world. Also is presented: status and trends of the road network changes in Poland, with particular emphasis on the Polish sections of the TEN-T network, production technologies and hydrogen production in Poland, preliminary indications of the future hydrogen refuelling stations locations in Poland, assumptions for the development of hydrogen-powered vehicle fleet in Poland by the 2050, expert forecast of the demand for hydrogen by the road transport in Poland by the 2050 and the ecological effects of the use of hydrogen fuel in the road transport in Poland by the 2050.

It is known that biogas without prior purification to biomethane is a commonly used fuel only for the stationary internal combustion engines but not for vehicle engines. The current study evaluates the use of biogas without its prior upgrading to biomethane as fuel for tractor engines. The following tests were carried out: biochemical methane potential tests, dynamometer engine tests, and field tests with the use of a tractor. The average methane content in biogas obtained from vegetable wastes exceeded 60%. The tests performed on the engine dynamometer showed that the engine powered by dual fuel worked stably when diesel was replaced by 40% biogas (containing 50% of CO2) or 30% methane. Dual fuel supplying of the engine caused an increase in the concentration of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases and a decrease or no effect in the concentration of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. It did not significantly affect the dynamics of the vehicle and its useful properties. Biogas that contains a maximum of 50% CO2 and from which H2S, moisture, and siloxanes have been largely removed, is suitable as a fuel for tractors. Such biogas can be obtained in biogas plants from different substrates, e.g., vegetable or agriculture wastes as well as biodegradable municipal wastes.

In article the market for electric buses in the world and in Poland have been discussed. The test methods for energy consumption of citi buses in Poland and the appropriate measuring devices have been presented. The article presents the results of the energy consumption of the citi bus in the test SORT 2. The results obtained were referred to results in the case other electric and conventional buses.

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